Target Name: REXO2
NCBI ID: G25996
Other Name(s): CGI-114 | Sfn-alpha | ORN_HUMAN | RNA exonuclease 2 | small fragment nuclease | REX2, RNA exonuclease 2 homolog | RNA exonuclease 2 homolog | RFN | SFN | Small fragment nuclease | SMFN | Oligoribonuclease, mitochondrial | REX2

A Promising Drug Target: REXO2 (CGI-114)

Introduction

Rexo2 (CGI-114) is a protein that is expressed in various tissues of the body, including the brain, heart, kidneys, and liver. It is a member of the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family, which is a A large family of transmembrane proteins that play a crucial role in cellular signaling. Members of the GPCR family form dimers through covalent binding, called GPCR dimers. In humans, GPCR dimers encode approximately 1,200 different proteins, approximately 40% of which encode growth factor receptors. One of them is REXO2, a protein found in humans that encodes a growth factor receptor.

The role of REXO2

REXO2 is a growth factor receptor mainly expressed in a variety of tissues, including the nervous system, cardiovascular system, kidney and liver. Research shows that REXO2 plays an important role in the nervous system, especially in the growth and development of neurons. In the cardiovascular system, REXO2 has also been found to play an important role in regulating cardiac muscle contraction and relaxation. In the kidney and liver, REXO2 is mainly involved in regulating immune response and cell proliferation.

Pharmacological significance of REXO2

As a new drug target, REXO2 is of great significance in drug research and development. Because REXO2 is expressed in a variety of tissues, it is considered a promising target for the treatment of various diseases. Especially in the nervous system, REXO2, as a growth factor receptor, can be used as a target for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. For example, Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease that causes memory loss, cognitive impairment, and reduced ability to perform daily activities. Currently, there is no specific drug that can cure Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, researchers are exploring whether REXO2 could serve as an effective drug target for treating Alzheimer's disease.

In addition, REXO2 can also be used as a potential target for the treatment of other neurological diseases. For example, Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder that causes muscle rigidity, tremors, and movement disorders. Currently, there are no specific drugs that can cure Parkinson's disease. Therefore, researchers are also exploring whether REXO2 can be used as an effective drug target to treat Parkinson's disease.

Research methods

In order to study the pharmacological significance of REXO2, researchers have used a variety of technical means.

Protein Name: RNA Exonuclease 2

Functions: 3'-to-5'exoribonuclease that preferentially degrades DNA and RNA oligonucleotides composed of only two nucleotides (PubMed:31588022, PubMed:30926754, PubMed:32365187, PubMed:23741365). Binds and degrades longer oligonucleotides with a lower affinity (PubMed:31588022, PubMed:30926754, PubMed:32365187). Plays dual roles in mitochondria, scavenging nanoRNAs (small RNA oligonucleotides of <5 nucleotides) that are produced by the degradosome and clearing short RNAs that are generated by RNA processing (PubMed:31588022, PubMed:30926754, PubMed:32365187). Essential for correct initiation of mitochondrial transcription, degrading mitochondrial RNA dinucleotides to prevent RNA-primed transcription at non-canonical sites in the mitochondrial genome (PubMed:31588022). Essential for embryonic development (By similarity)

More Common Targets

REXO4 | REXO5 | RFC1 | RFC2 | RFC3 | RFC4 | RFC5 | RFESD | RFESDP1 | RFFL | RFK | RFLNA | RFLNB | RFNG | RFPL1 | RFPL1S | RFPL2 | RFPL3 | RFPL3S | RFPL4A | RFPL4AL1 | RFPL4B | RFT1 | RFTN1 | RFTN2 | RFWD3 | RFX complex | RFX1 | RFX2 | RFX3 | RFX3-DT | RFX4 | RFX5 | RFX5-AS1 | RFX6 | RFX7 | RFX8 | RFXANK | RFXAP | RGCC | RGL1 | RGL2 | RGL3 | RGL4 | RGMA | RGMB | RGMB-AS1 | RGN | RGP1 | RGPD1 | RGPD2 | RGPD3 | RGPD4 | RGPD4-AS1 | RGPD5 | RGPD6 | RGPD8 | RGR | RGS1 | RGS10 | RGS11 | RGS12 | RGS13 | RGS14 | RGS16 | RGS17 | RGS18 | RGS19 | RGS2 | RGS20 | RGS21 | RGS22 | RGS3 | RGS4 | RGS5 | RGS6 | RGS7 | RGS7BP | RGS8 | RGS9 | RGS9BP | RGSL1 | RHAG | RHBDD1 | RHBDD2 | RHBDD3 | RHBDF1 | RHBDF2 | RHBDL1 | RHBDL2 | RHBDL3 | RHBG | RHCE | RHCG | RHD | RHEB | RHEBL1 | RHEBP1 | RHEX | RHNO1