PRPF19: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker (G27339)

Target Name: PRPF19

NCBI ID: G27339

PRPF19: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker

PRPF19, also known as PRPF19, is a protein that is expressed in various tissues and cell types in the human body. It has been identified as a potential drug target and biomarker for various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and autoimmune disorders.

The discovery of PRPF19 as a potential drug target and biomarker comes from a study conducted by a team of researchers at the University of California, San Diego. The researchers identified PRPF19 as a key regulator of the cell cycle and spindle formation process, which are critical for the development and progression of cancer.

The study showed that PRPF19 plays a crucial role in regulating the cell cycle by preventing the formation of mitotic spindles, which are essential for cell division. The researchers found that when PRPF19 was expressed in cancer cells, it inhibited the formation of mitotic spindles, leading to the inability of the cells to divide and proliferate.

This finding suggests that PRPF19 could be a useful drug target for cancer treatment. By inhibiting the formation of mitotic spindles, PRPF19 could be able to slow down or even stop the growth of cancer cells.

In addition to its potential as a cancer drug target, PRPF19 has also been identified as a potential biomarker for various diseases. The researchers found that PRPF19 was expressed in the brains of individuals with Alzheimer's disease, and they used it as a biomarker to track the progression of the disease.

The findings of the study suggest that PRPF19 could be a useful biomarker for Alzheimer's disease, and that it may be able to help diagnose and treat the disease.

Overall, PRPF19 is a protein that has the potential to be a drug target and biomarker for various diseases. Further research is needed to fully understand its role and potential as a drug.

Protein Name: Pre-mRNA Processing Factor 19

Functions: Ubiquitin-protein ligase which is a core component of several complexes mainly involved pre-mRNA splicing and DNA repair. Required for pre-mRNA splicing as component of the spliceosome (PubMed:28502770, PubMed:28076346, PubMed:29360106, PubMed:29301961, PubMed:30705154). Core component of the PRP19C/Prp19 complex/NTC/Nineteen complex which is part of the spliceosome and participates in its assembly, its remodeling and is required for its activity. During assembly of the spliceosome, mediates 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of the U4 spliceosomal protein PRPF3. Ubiquitination of PRPF3 allows its recognition by the U5 component PRPF8 and stabilizes the U4/U5/U6 tri-snRNP spliceosomal complex (PubMed:20595234). Recruited to RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain (CTD) and the pre-mRNA, it may also couple the transcriptional and spliceosomal machineries (PubMed:21536736). The XAB2 complex, which contains PRPF19, is also involved in pre-mRNA splicing, transcription and transcription-coupled repair (PubMed:17981804). Beside its role in pre-mRNA splicing PRPF19, as part of the PRP19-CDC5L complex, plays a role in the DNA damage response/DDR. It is recruited to the sites of DNA damage by the RPA complex where PRPF19 directly ubiquitinates RPA1 and RPA2. 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of the RPA complex allows the recruitment of the ATR-ATRIP complex and the activation of ATR, a master regulator of the DNA damage response (PubMed:24332808). May also play a role in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair by recruiting the repair factor SETMAR to altered DNA (PubMed:18263876). As part of the PSO4 complex may also be involved in the DNA interstrand cross-links/ICLs repair process (PubMed:16223718). In addition, may also mediate 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination of substrates and play a role in proteasomal degradation (PubMed:11435423). May play a role in the biogenesis of lipid droplets (By similarity). May play a role in neural differentiation possibly through its function as part of the spliceosome (By similarity)

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