PSMB3: A Promising Drug Target and Biomarker for Proteasome Chain 13

Target Name: PSMB3

NCBI ID: G5691

PSMB3: A Promising Drug Target and Biomarker for Proteasome Chain 13

Introduction

Proteasome chain 13 (PSMB3) is a key protein that plays a critical role in cell signaling and division. It is a 26-kDa protein that is composed of 12 subunits and is highly conserved across various species. PSMB3 is involved in various cellular processes, including cell division, apoptosis, and protein degradation. Its dysfunction has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and autoimmune disorders. As a result, targeting PSMB3 has become an attractive research topic in recent years.

Drugs that target PSMB3 have the potential to treat various diseases. One of the main advantages of these drugs is that they can either inhibit the activity of PSMB3 directly or modulate its activity to lead to its dysfunction. Drugs that target PSMB3 directly can improve the efficacy of these drugs by inhibiting PSMB3-mediated signaling pathways. On the other hand, drugs that modulate PSMB3 activity can be used to treat diseases where PSMB3 dysfunction is causing harm.

PSMB3's Role in Cell Signaling and Division

PSMB3 is involved in various cellular processes that are essential for cell growth, development, and survival. One of its critical functions is in cell division. PSMB3 plays a role in regulating the size and organization of the chromatin during the G1 phase of cell division. It helps in the recruitment of chromatin-remodeling complexes, which are responsible for the condensation of chromatin during the S-phase and the organization of chromosomes during the G2 phase.

PSMB3 is also involved in apoptosis, which is a critical programmed cell death that is necessary for the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms. During apoptosis, PSMB3 helps in the formation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the caspase-3-mediated release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which are crucial for the execution of cell death.

PSMB3's Role in Protein Degradation

PSMB3 is also involved in the degradation of proteins, which is a critical process for maintaining cellular homeostasis. The degradation of proteins is regulated by various enzymes, including the 26S proteasome. The 26S proteasome is a complex that consists of a protein complex and a nucleotide , which is responsible for the efficient degradation of protein.

PSMB3 is a key component of the 26S proteasome complex. It helps in the formation of the 26S proteasome and is involved in the regulation of its activity. Studies have shown that PSMB3 dysfunction is associated with protein misfolding and decreased protein stability. This can lead to the formation of misfolded proteins, which can have harmful effects on the cell.

PSMB3 as a Drug Target

Targeting PSMB3 using small molecules or antibodies has the potential to treat various diseases. One of the main advantages of these approaches is that they can specifically target PSMB3 and avoid unintended effects on other cell components.

In recent years, various studies have shown that inhibitors of PSMB3 have the potential to treat various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and autoimmune disorders. For example, a study by Kim and colleagues found that inhibitors of PSMB3 could significantly reduce the migration and invasion of cancer cells.

Another study by Zhang and colleagues found that inhibitors of PSMB3 improved the survival of neurodegenerative disease models, including dopaminergic neurodegenerative disease and Huntington's disease.

Targeting PSMB

Protein Name: Proteasome 20S Subunit Beta 3

Functions: Non-catalytic component of the 20S core proteasome complex involved in the proteolytic degradation of most intracellular proteins. This complex plays numerous essential roles within the cell by associating with different regulatory particles. Associated with two 19S regulatory particles, forms the 26S proteasome and thus participates in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. The 26S proteasome plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins that could impair cellular functions, and by removing proteins whose functions are no longer required. Associated with the PA200 or PA28, the 20S proteasome mediates ubiquitin-independent protein degradation. This type of proteolysis is required in several pathways including spermatogenesis (20S-PA200 complex) or generation of a subset of MHC class I-presented antigenic peptides (20S-PA28 complex)

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