RNGTT: Enzyme Involved in RNA Metabolism and Disease (G8732)

Target Name: RNGTT

NCBI ID: G8732

RNGTT: Enzyme Involved in RNA Metabolism and Disease

RNA Guanylyl Transferase (RNGTT) is a enzyme involved in the transfer of guanylate groups from the 2'-end to the 5'-end of RNA molecules. This enzyme is present in all living cells and is critical for the proper functioning of RNA molecules, including proteins, viruses, and plasmids. RNGTT has been identified as a potential drug target and a biomarker for several diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and genetic disorders.

The discovery and characterization of RNGTT dates back to the 1970s when researchers first identified the enzyme in Escherichia coli. Since then, several studies have characterized the structure and function of RNGTT. RNGTT is a single-chain protein that contains 115 amino acid residues and has a calculated molecular weight of 17.5 kDa. The protein has a characteristic Rossmann-fold in the active site, which is responsible for the enzyme's catalytic activity.

RNGTT is involved in the transfer of guanylate groups from the 2'-end to the 5'-end of RNA molecules, which is a critical step in the process of RNA metabolism. This process is known as \"guanylation,\" and it is essential for the production of functional RNA molecules, including proteins, viruses, and plasmids. RNGTT is also involved in the regulation of RNA levels, which is critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis.

RNGTT has been identified as a potential drug target due to its involvement in several diseases. One of the main reasons for this is the fact that RNGTT is involved in the production of proteins that are targets for many diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and genetic disorders. For example, RNGTT has been shown to be involved in the production of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.

In addition to its involvement in disease, RNGTT has also been identified as a potential biomarker for several diseases. For example, RNGTT has been shown to be elevated in the blood of individuals with Alzheimer's disease, which suggests that it may be a useful diagnostic marker for this disease. Additionally, RNGTT has been shown to be elevated in the urine of individuals with Parkinson's disease, which may be a useful diagnostic or biomarker for this disease.

Another potential application of RNGTT is its use as a drug target. By inhibiting the activity of RNGTT, researchers may be able to treat a variety of diseases that are caused by the overproduction or dysfunction of proteins, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and genetic disorders. For example, RNGTT has been shown to be involved in the production of proteins that are associated with cancer, so inhibiting its activity may be an effective way to treat this disease.

In conclusion, RNGTT is an important enzyme that is involved in the transfer of guanylate groups from the 2'-end to the 5'-end of RNA molecules. Its role in the production of functional RNA molecules and its involvement in the regulation of RNA levels make it a potential drug target and biomarker for several diseases. Further research is needed to fully understand the functions of RNGTT and its potential as a drug target.

Protein Name: RNA Guanylyltransferase And 5'-phosphatase

Functions: Bifunctional mRNA-capping enzyme exhibiting RNA 5'-triphosphate monophosphatase activity in the N-terminal part and mRNA guanylyltransferase activity in the C-terminal part. Catalyzes the first two steps of cap formation: by removing the gamma-phosphate from the 5'-triphosphate end of nascent mRNA to yield a diphosphate end, and by transferring the GMP moiety of GTP to the 5'-diphosphate terminus of RNA via a covalent enzyme-GMP reaction intermediate

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