Target Name: MDK
NCBI ID: G4192
Other Name(s): midgestation and kidney protein | Midkine, transcript variant 1 | OTTHUMP00000197043 | neurite growth-promoting factor 2 | OTTHUMP00000197044 | OTTHUMP00000233088 | MK_HUMAN | Midkine | neurite outgrowth-promoting factor 2 | midkine | Midgestation and kidney protein | MDK variant 1 | ARAP | FLJ27379 | retinoic acid inducible factor | Midkine (isoform a) | Neurite outgrowth-promoting factor 2 | NEGF2 | OTTHUMP00000233051 | Neurite outgrowth-promoting protein | OTTHUMP00000197041 | Midkine, transcript variant 3 | OTTHUMP00000197042 | Amphiregulin-associated protein | OTTHUMP00000197045 | MDK variant 3 | amphiregulin-associated protein | MK

The Potential Drug Target or Biomarker for Midgestation and Kidney Protein: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract:

Midgestation and kidney protein (MDK) is a protein that has been identified as a potential drug target or biomarker for various diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease. This protein plays a crucial role in the regulation of cell growth, apoptosis, and inflammation. In this article, we will review the current literature on MDK, including its expression and function in various diseases, as well as its potential as a drug target or biomarker.

Introduction:

Midgestation and kidney protein (MDK) is a protein that is expressed in a variety of tissues, including the liver, muscle, heart, and kidney. It is a key regulator of cell growth, apoptosis, and inflammation. MDK has been identified as a potential drug target or biomarker for various diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease.

Expression and Function of MDK:

MDK is a 26-kDa protein that is expressed in a variety of tissues, including the liver, muscle, heart, and kidney. It is a key regulator of cell growth, apoptosis, and inflammation. MDK plays a crucial role in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation. It is involved in the regulation of angiogenesis, fibrosis, and inflammation.

MDK has been shown to be involved in a variety of diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease. In diabetes, MDK has been shown to be involved in the regulation of insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. In hypertension, MDK has been shown to be involved in the regulation of blood pressure and cardiovascular disease. In chronic kidney disease, MDK has been shown to be involved in the regulation of fibrosis and inflammation.

Potential Drug Targets for MDK:

MDK has been identified as a potential drug target or biomarker for a variety of diseases. One of the main potential drug targets for MDK is the regulation of cell apoptosis. MDK has been shown to play a crucial role in the regulation of cell apoptosis in various tissues. It is involved in the regulation of programmed cell death (apoptosis), which is a natural process that helps remove damaged or dysfunctional cells from the body.

Another potential drug target for MDK is the regulation of inflammation. MDK is involved in the regulation of inflammation in various tissues. It is involved in the regulation of the immune response and the regulation of inflammation in the kidneys. This is important because chronic kidney disease is often associated with inflammation.

Potential Biomarkers for MDK:

MDK has also been identified as a potential biomarker for a variety of diseases. One of the main biomarkers for MDK is the level of MDK in various tissues. The level of MDK in tissues can be used as a marker for the severity of disease. In addition, the level of MDK in urine has been used as a biomarker for kidney function.

MDK has also been shown to be involved in the regulation of various signaling pathways, including the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. This pathway is involved in the regulation of cell growth, apoptosis, and inflammation. The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is a key target for many diseases, including diabetes and hypertension.

Conclusion:

Midgestation and kidney protein (MDK) is a protein that has been identified as a potential drug target or biomarker for various diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease. MDK plays a crucial role in the regulation of cell growth, apoptosis, and inflammation. Its potential as a drug target or biomarker is being investigated in various clinical trials. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of MDK in

Protein Name: Midkine

Functions: Secreted protein that functions as cytokine and growth factor and mediates its signal through cell-surface proteoglycan and non-proteoglycan receptors (PubMed:18469519, PubMed:12573468, PubMed:12122009, PubMed:10212223, PubMed:24458438, PubMed:15466886, PubMed:12084985, PubMed:10772929). Binds cell-surface proteoglycan receptors via their chondroitin sulfate (CS) groups (PubMed:12084985, PubMed:10212223). Thereby regulates many processes like inflammatory response, cell proliferation, cell adhesion, cell growth, cell survival, tissue regeneration, cell differentiation and cell migration (PubMed:12573468, PubMed:12122009, PubMed:10212223, PubMed:10683378, PubMed:24458438, PubMed:22323540, PubMed:12084985, PubMed:15466886, PubMed:10772929). Participates in inflammatory processes by exerting two different activities. Firstly, mediates neutrophils and macrophages recruitment to the sites of inflammation both by direct action by cooperating namely with ITGB2 via LRP1 and by inducing chemokine expression (PubMed:10683378, PubMed:24458438). This inflammation can be accompanied by epithelial cell survival and smooth muscle cell migration after renal and vessel damage, respectively (PubMed:10683378). Secondly, suppresses the development of tolerogenic dendric cells thereby inhibiting the differentiation of regulatory T cells and also promote T cell expansion through NFAT signaling and Th1 cell differentiation (PubMed:22323540). Promotes tissue regeneration after injury or trauma. After heart damage negatively regulates the recruitment of inflammatory cells and mediates cell survival through activation of anti-apoptotic signaling pathways via MAPKs and AKT pathways through the activation of angiogenesis (By similarity). Also facilitates liver regeneration as well as bone repair by recruiting macrophage at trauma site and by promoting cartilage development by facilitating chondrocyte differentiation (By similarity). Plays a role in brain by promoting neural precursor cells survival and growth through interaction with heparan sulfate proteoglycans (By similarity). Binds PTPRZ1 and promotes neuronal migration and embryonic neurons survival (PubMed:10212223). Binds SDC3 or GPC2 and mediates neurite outgrowth and cell adhesion (PubMed:12084985, PubMed:1768439). Binds chondroitin sulfate E and heparin leading to inhibition of neuronal cell adhesion induced by binding with GPC2 (PubMed:12084985). Binds CSPG5 and promotes elongation of oligodendroglial precursor-like cells (By similarity). Also binds ITGA6:ITGB1 complex; this interaction mediates MDK-induced neurite outgrowth (PubMed:15466886, PubMed:1768439). Binds LRP1; promotes neuronal survival (PubMed:10772929). Binds ITGA4:ITGB1 complex; this interaction mediates MDK-induced osteoblast cells migration through PXN phosphorylation (PubMed:15466886). Binds anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) which induces ALK activation and subsequent phosphorylation of the insulin receptor substrate (IRS1), followed by the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and PI3-kinase, and the induction of cell proliferation (PubMed:12122009). Promotes epithelial to mesenchymal transition through interaction with NOTCH2 (PubMed:18469519). During arteriogenesis, plays a role in vascular endothelial cell proliferation by inducing VEGFA expression and release which in turn induces nitric oxide synthase expression. Moreover activates vasodilation through nitric oxide synthase activation (By similarity). Negatively regulates bone formation in response to mechanical load by inhibiting Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in osteoblasts (By similarity). In addition plays a role in hippocampal development, working memory, auditory response, early fetal adrenal gland development and the female reproductive system (By similarity)

More Common Targets

MDM1 | MDM2 | MDM4 | MDN1 | MDS2 | ME1 | ME2 | ME3 | MEA1 | MEAF6 | MEAF6P1 | MEAK7 | Mechanoelectrical transducer (MET) channel | Mechanosensitive Ion Channel | MECOM | MECOM-AS1 | MeCP1 histone deacetylase (HDAC) complex | MECP2 | MECR | MED1 | MED10 | MED11 | MED12 | MED12L | MED13 | MED13L | MED14 | MED14P1 | MED15 | MED15P8 | MED16 | MED17 | MED18 | MED19 | MED20 | MED21 | MED22 | MED23 | MED24 | MED25 | MED26 | MED27 | MED28 | MED29 | MED30 | MED31 | MED4 | MED4-AS1 | MED6 | MED7 | MED8 | MED9 | MEDAG | Mediator Complex | Mediator of RNA Polymerase II Transcription | MEF2A | MEF2B | MEF2C | MEF2C-AS1 | MEF2C-AS2 | MEF2D | MEFV | MEG3 | MEG8 | MEG9 | MEGF10 | MEGF11 | MEGF6 | MEGF8 | MEGF9 | MEI1 | MEI4 | MEIG1 | MEIKIN | MEIOB | MEIOC | MEIOSIN | MEIS1 | MEIS1-AS2 | MEIS1-AS3 | MEIS2 | MEIS3 | MEIS3P1 | MEIS3P2 | Melanin | Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) receptor | Melanocortin receptor | Melanoma-Associated Antigen | Melatonin receptor | MELK | MELTF | MELTF-AS1 | Membrane-Bound Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases (rPTPs) | Membrane-spanning 4-domains subfamily A member 4A | MEMO1 | MEMO1P1 | MEMO1P4 | MEMO1P5 | MEN1 | MEOX1