CX3CR1: A Protein Involved in Cellular Signaling Pathways (G1524)

Target Name: CX3CR1

NCBI ID: G1524

CX3CR1: A Protein Involved in Cellular Signaling Pathways

CX3CR1, chemokine receptor 1, is a protein that is expressed in various tissues throughout the body, including the immune system, gastrointestinal tract, and skin. It is a member of the chemokine receptor family, which is a subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors that play a crucial role in the regulation of cellular signaling pathways.

CX3CR1 is known for its ability to interact with several different chemokines, which are small proteins that are derived from the cytosol of T cells. These chemokines are able to bind to CX3CR1, and once bound, they can trigger a variety of downstream signaling pathways.

One of the most well-studied functions of CX3CR1 is its role in the regulation of inflammation. CX3CR1 is expressed in many different tissues and cell types, including immune cells, epithelial cells, and neurotransmitter-producing cells. It has been shown to play a key role in the development and progression of a variety of inflammatory diseases, including asthma, neuroinflammatory disorders, and cancer.

One of the ways that CX3CR1 contributes to inflammation is by regulating the activity of immune cells. CX3CR1 has been shown to play a critical role in the development of immune tolerance, as well as in the regulation of T cell function. It is also involved in the regulation of inflammation-related signaling pathways, including the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Another function of CX3CR1 is its role in cell signaling pathways. CX3CR1 has been shown to play a key role in the regulation of intracellular signaling pathways, including the production of mitogenic factors and the regulation of cell growth. It is also involved in the regulation of cell death, as well as in the regulation of cell cycle progression.

CX3CR1 is also involved in the regulation of pain and inflammation. It has been shown to play a critical role in the regulation of pain signaling pathways, as well as in the regulation of inflammation.

In addition to its role in inflammation, CX3CR1 is also involved in a number of other cellular signaling pathways. It is involved in the regulation of cell adhesion, as well as in the regulation of cell-cell interactions. It is also involved in the regulation of cell signaling pathways that are involved in cell differentiation, including the regulation of cell plasticity.

CX3CR1 is also a potential drug target. Several studies have shown that inhibitors of CX3CR1 have been effective in treating a variety of diseases, including cancer, neuroinflammatory disorders, and asthma. These compounds have been shown to induce T cell regression, which may be a potential mechanism of their efficacy.

In conclusion, CX3CR1 is a protein that is involved in a number of different cellular signaling pathways. It is expressed in many different tissues and is involved in the regulation of inflammation, pain, and other cellular signaling pathways. As a result, it is a potential drug target for a variety of diseases. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of CX3CR1 in cellular signaling pathways and its potential as a drug.

Protein Name: C-X3-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 1

Functions: Receptor for the C-X3-C chemokine fractalkine (CX3CL1) present on many early leukocyte cells; CX3CR1-CX3CL1 signaling exerts distinct functions in different tissue compartments, such as immune response, inflammation, cell adhesion and chemotaxis (PubMed:9390561, PubMed:9782118, PubMed:12055230, PubMed:23125415). CX3CR1-CX3CL1 signaling mediates cell migratory functions (By similarity). Responsible for the recruitment of natural killer (NK) cells to inflamed tissues (By similarity). Acts as a regulator of inflammation process leading to atherogenesis by mediating macrophage and monocyte recruitment to inflamed atherosclerotic plaques, promoting cell survival (By similarity). Involved in airway inflammation by promoting interleukin 2-producing T helper (Th2) cell survival in inflamed lung (By similarity). Involved in the migration of circulating monocytes to non-inflamed tissues, where they differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells (By similarity). Acts as a negative regulator of angiogenesis, probably by promoting macrophage chemotaxis (PubMed:14581400, PubMed:18971423). Plays a key role in brain microglia by regulating inflammatory response in the central nervous system (CNS) and regulating synapse maturation (By similarity). Required to restrain the microglial inflammatory response in the CNS and the resulting parenchymal damage in response to pathological stimuli (By similarity). Involved in brain development by participating in synaptic pruning, a natural process during which brain microglia eliminates extra synapses during postnatal development (By similarity). Synaptic pruning by microglia is required to promote the maturation of circuit connectivity during brain development (By similarity). Acts as an important regulator of the gut microbiota by controlling immunity to intestinal bacteria and fungi (By similarity). Expressed in lamina propria dendritic cells in the small intestine, which form transepithelial dendrites capable of taking up bacteria in order to provide defense against pathogenic bacteria (By similarity). Required to initiate innate and adaptive immune responses against dissemination of commensal fungi (mycobiota) component of the gut: expressed in mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs) and acts by promoting induction of antifungal IgG antibodies response to confer protection against disseminated C.albicans or C.auris infection (PubMed:29326275). Also acts as a receptor for C-C motif chemokine CCL26, inducing cell chemotaxis (PubMed:20974991)

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