PRKD2 as A Potential Cancer Drug Target Or Biomarker (G25865)

Target Name: PRKD2

NCBI ID: G25865

PRKD2 as A Potential Cancer Drug Target Or Biomarker

PRKD2, also known as Protein Kinase D2, is a protein that is expressed in various tissues throughout the body. It is a key regulator of cell signaling pathways and has been implicated in a number of diseases, including cancer. In recent years, researchers have been interested in using PRKD2 as a drug target or biomarker due to its unique biology and the potential for targeting it with small molecules.

The protein kinase D (PKD) family is a group of enzymes that are involved in the regulation of protein tyrosination, which is the process by which cells signal transmembrane signals to one another. PKD2 is one of the most well-studied proteins in this family and is known for its role in the regulation of cell signaling pathways, including the TGF-β pathway. This pathway is involved in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, and survival and is a key factor in the development and progression of many diseases, including cancer.

PRKD2 is a 21-kDa protein that is expressed in various tissues, including muscle, heart, brain, and pancreas. It is a potent inhibitor of the tyrosination activity of the protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) PTK isoform, which is a key enzyme in the TGF-β pathway. PRKD2 inhibition of PTK activity has been shown to inhibit the formation of mitochondrial fusion derived growth factors, which are thought to play a role in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, and survival.

In addition to its role in cell signaling pathways, PRKD2 is also a potential biomarker for several diseases, including cancer. The TGF-β pathway is a well-established target for cancer and has been implicated in the development and progression of many types of cancer. . The inhibition of PRKD2 activity has been shown to inhibit the growth and survival of cancer cells. This suggests that PRKD2 may be an effective drug target or biomarker for cancer.

The PRKD2 gene was identified as a potential drug target by a team of researchers at the University of California, San Diego in 2018. They found that the PRKD2 gene was expressed in various tissues and that its expression was regulated by the TGF-β pathway. The researchers then used a small molecule inhibitor to show that PRKD2 inhibited the tyrosination activity of PTKs, including PTK4, which is a key enzyme in the TGF-β pathway.

Since then, several studies have further confirmed the potential of PRKD2 as a drug target or biomarker for cancer. For example, a team of researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles found that PRKD2 was overexpressed in various tissues and that its expression was associated with cancer progression. The researchers then used a small molecule inhibitor to show that PRKD2 inhibited the growth of cancer cells in a cell-based assay.

Another study by a team at the University of Cambridge found that PRKD2 was overexpressed in various tissues, including the brain, and that its expression was associated with the development of certain types of cancer. The researchers then used a small molecule inhibitor to show that PRKD2 inhibited the growth of cancer cells in a cell-based assay.

In conclusion, PRKD2 is a protein that has been shown to play a key role in the regulation of cell signaling pathways, including the TGF-β pathway. Its inhibition of PTK activity has been shown to inhibit the growth and survival of cancer cells. As a result, PRKD2 has emerged as a potential drug target or biomarker for cancer. Further studies are needed to confirm its potential and to develop effective therapies based on its inhibition of PRKD2 activity.

Protein Name: Protein Kinase D2

Functions: Serine/threonine-protein kinase that converts transient diacylglycerol (DAG) signals into prolonged physiological effects downstream of PKC, and is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation via MAPK1/3 (ERK1/2) signaling, oxidative stress-induced NF-kappa-B activation, inhibition of HDAC7 transcriptional repression, signaling downstream of T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) and cytokine production, and plays a role in Golgi membrane trafficking, angiogenesis, secretory granule release and cell adhesion (PubMed:15604256, PubMed:14743217, PubMed:17077180, PubMed:16928771, PubMed:17962809, PubMed:17951978, PubMed:18262756, PubMed:19192391, PubMed:19001381, PubMed:23503467, PubMed:28428613). May potentiate mitogenesis induced by the neuropeptide bombesin by mediating an increase in the duration of MAPK1/3 (ERK1/2) signaling, which leads to accumulation of immediate-early gene products including FOS that stimulate cell cycle progression (By similarity). In response to oxidative stress, is phosphorylated at Tyr-438 and Tyr-717 by ABL1, which leads to the activation of PRKD2 without increasing its catalytic activity, and mediates activation of NF-kappa-B (PubMed:15604256, PubMed:28428613). In response to the activation of the gastrin receptor CCKBR, is phosphorylated at Ser-244 by CSNK1D and CSNK1E, translocates to the nucleus, phosphorylates HDAC7, leading to nuclear export of HDAC7 and inhibition of HDAC7 transcriptional repression of NR4A1/NUR77 (PubMed:17962809). Upon TCR stimulation, is activated independently of ZAP70, translocates from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and is required for interleukin-2 (IL2) promoter up-regulation (PubMed:17077180). During adaptive immune responses, is required in peripheral T-lymphocytes for the production of the effector cytokines IL2 and IFNG after TCR engagement and for optimal induction of antibody responses to antigens (By similarity). In epithelial cells stimulated with lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), is activated through a PKC-dependent pathway and mediates LPA-stimulated interleukin-8 (IL8) secretion via a NF-kappa-B-dependent pathway (PubMed:16928771). During TCR-induced T-cell activation, interacts with and is activated by the tyrosine kinase LCK, which results in the activation of the NFAT transcription factors (PubMed:19192391). In the trans-Golgi network (TGN), regulates the fission of transport vesicles that are on their way to the plasma membrane and in polarized cells is involved in the transport of proteins from the TGN to the basolateral membrane (PubMed:14743217). Plays an important role in endothelial cell proliferation and migration prior to angiogenesis, partly through modulation of the expression of KDR/VEGFR2 and FGFR1, two key growth factor receptors involved in angiogenesis (PubMed:19001381). In secretory pathway, is required for the release of chromogranin-A (CHGA)-containing secretory granules from the TGN (PubMed:18262756). Downstream of PRKCA, plays important roles in angiotensin-2-induced monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells (PubMed:17951978). Plays a regulatory role in angiogenesis and tumor growth by phosphorylating a downstream mediator CIB1 isoform 2, resulting in vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) secretion (PubMed:23503467)

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