SNORD34: A Small Nucleolar RNA in Focus (G26817)

Target Name: SNORD34

NCBI ID: G26817

Other Name(s): Small nucleolar RNA, C/D box 34 | U34 | RNU34 | small nucleolar RNA, C/D box 34

SNORD34: A Small Nucleolar RNA in Focus

Small nucleolar RNA (snRNA), a class of non-coding RNA molecules, plays a critical role in various cellular processes, including the regulation of gene expression and the organization of chromatin. Among the various classes of snRNA molecules, the C/D box 34 (SNORD34) is of particular interest due to its unique structure and function.

SNORD34 is a 24.1 kilobase (kb) RNA molecule that is primarily located in the nucleolus of eukaryotic cells. It is one of the smaller snRNAs, with a typical length of approximately 11-13 nts. SNORD34 has a characteristic C/D box shape, with a conserved core region composed of alternating G and C residues and a double-stranded terminal region composed of A and U residues.

The functions of SNORD34 are not yet well understood, but its role in gene regulation and chromatin organization are of great interest. One of the most significant functions of SNORD34 is its role in the regulation of gene expression. Specifically, SNORD34 has been shown to play a role in the regulation of microRNA (miRNA) expression. miRNA are small non-coding RNAs that play a variety of roles in cellular processes, including cell growth, apoptosis, and metabolism. SNORD34 has been shown to interact with miRNA-21, a well-known regulator of gene expression, to facilitate the translation of miRNA into the nucleus.

In addition to its role in gene regulation, SNORD34 is also involved in the organization of chromatin. Chromatin is the complex of DNA, RNA, and proteins that make up the chromosomes. SNORD34 has been shown to play a role in the organization of chromatin by helping to establish the 300-nanotope distribution (eNOD) in the nucleolus. The 300-nanotope distribution is a pattern of base pairing between G and C residues in the DNA double helix that is established by the activity of the DNA double-strand binding protein complex . By establishing this distribution, SNORD34 contributes to the regulation of gene expression and the organization of chromatin.

SNORD34 has also been shown to play a role in the regulation of cellular processes that are independent of gene regulation. For example, studies have shown that SNORD34 is involved in the regulation of mitochondrial function and that it interacts with the protein p27, a key regulator of mitochondrial stress response.

In conclusion, SNORD34 is a small but functionally significant molecule that plays a critical role in various cellular processes. Its unique structure and the diverse functions it has been shown to contribute to its importance in the regulation of gene expression and chromatin organization, as well as its role in the regulation of cellular processes independent of gene regulation. As such, SNORD34 may be a promising drug target or biomarker for a variety of cellular processes. Further research is needed to fully understand the functions of SNORD34 and its potential as a therapeutic agent .

Protein Name: Small Nucleolar RNA, C/D Box 34

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