Trav8-3: Potential Drug Target for Diabetes, Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Target Name: TRAV8-3

NCBI ID: G28683

Other Name(s): TCRAV8S3 | T cell receptor alpha variable 8-3 | TRAV83 | TCRAV1S4

Trav8-3: Potential Drug Target for Diabetes, Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Trav8-3 (TCRAV8S3) is a protein that is expressed in various tissues of the body, including the brain, pancreas, and heart. It is a member of the Trajan family of proteins, which are involved in various cellular processes, including cell signaling and stress responses. Trav8-3 has been shown to play a role in the regulation of pancreatic insulin secretion and has potential as a drug target for various diseases.

The Trajan family of proteins was identified through bioinformatics analysis of gene expression data from various organisms. The Trajan proteins are characterized by a unique domain structure that includes a conserved catalytic core and a variable region that is involved in protein-protein interactions and other cellular processes. The variable region of Trajans includes a unique farnesylated cysteine residue, which is involved in protein-protein interactions and may contribute to the protein's stability and activity.

Trav8-3 is a 14 kDa protein that is expressed in the pancreas, spleen, and heart. It is predominantly localized to the pancreatic lumen, where it is involved in the regulation of insulin secretion. Trav8-3 is a key regulator of pancreatic insulin secretion by the pancreatic beta cells. It has been shown to play a role in the regulation of insulin secretion by the pancreatic beta cells by interacting with the protein insulin secretion unit (ISU) and by regulating the amount of insulin released by the beta cells.

Trav8-3 is also involved in the regulation of cellular stress responses. It has been shown to play a role in the regulation of cellular stress responses by interacting with the protein p62 (AP-1) and by regulating the expression of genes involved in stress responses. Trav8-3 has also been shown to play a role in the regulation of inflammation by interacting with the protein NF-kappa-B and by regulating the expression of genes involved in inflammation.

Trav8-3 is a potential drug target for various diseases, including diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. It is a good candidate for a drug because it is involved in the regulation of important cellular processes that are involved in many diseases, and because its structure and function have been well-studied. Trav8-3 is also a good candidate for a drug because it is a protein that is expressed in various tissues of the body, which makes it a potential therapy that can be used in a variety of settings.

In conclusion, Trav8-3 is a protein that is expressed in various tissues of the body and is involved in the regulation of pancreatic insulin secretion and cellular stress responses. It has potential as a drug target for various diseases and is a good candidate for a drug because of its well-studied structure and function, and because it is expressed in various tissues of the body. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of Trav8-3 in the regulation of pancreatic insulin secretion and cellular stress responses, and to determine its potential as a drug target.

Protein Name: T Cell Receptor Alpha Variable 8-3

Functions: V region of the variable domain of T cell receptor (TR) alpha chain that participates in the antigen recognition (PubMed:24600447). Alpha-beta T cell receptors are antigen specific receptors which are essential to the immune response and are present on the cell surface of T lymphocytes. Recognize peptide-major histocompatibility (MH) (pMH) complexes that are displayed by antigen presenting cells (APC), a prerequisite for efficient T cell adaptive immunity against pathogens (PubMed:25493333). Binding of alpha-beta TR to pMH complex initiates TR-CD3 clustering on the cell surface and intracellular activation of LCK that phosphorylates the ITAM motifs of CD3G, CD3D, CD3E and CD247 enabling the recruitment of ZAP70. In turn ZAP70 phosphorylates LAT, which recruits numerous signaling molecules to form the LAT signalosome. The LAT signalosome propagates signal branching to three major signaling pathways, the calcium, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase and the nuclear factor NF-kappa-B (NF-kB) pathways, leading to the mobilization of transcription factors that are critical for gene expression and essential for T cell growth and differentiation (PubMed:23524462). The T cell repertoire is generated in the thymus, by V-(D)-J rearrangement. This repertoire is then shaped by intrathymic selection events to generate a peripheral T cell pool of self-MH restricted, non-autoaggressive T cells. Post-thymic interaction of alpha-beta TR with the pMH complexes shapes TR structural and functional avidity (PubMed:15040585)

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