HLA-DRB3: A Drug Target / Disease Biomarker (G3125)

Target Name: HLA-DRB3

NCBI ID: G3125

HLA-DRB3: A Drug Target / Disease Biomarker

HLA-DRB3 is a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) that is expressed in most tissues of the body. It is a member of the DRB family of antigens, which are known as major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens. HLA-DRB3 is an important immune system protein that plays a crucial role in the immune response against viruses, bacteria, and other intruders.

HLA-DRB3 is a cytoplasmic protein that is expressed in most tissues of the body, including the skin, hair, nails, and mucous membranes. It is a member of the DRB family of antigens, which are known as major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens. This family of antigens is characterized by the presence of a variable region (V-region) that is unique to each individual.

The HLA-DRB3 gene is located on chromosome 6 and encodes a protein that is made up of 136 amino acids. This protein has several important functions in the immune system. For example, HLA-DRB3 is involved in the presentation of antigens to T cells, which are critical for the immune response against viruses and other intruders.

One of the most interesting aspects of HLA-DRB3 is its potential as a drug target. HLA-DRB3 has been shown to play a role in the development of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. It is also involved in the regulation of immune cell function, which may be important for the development of certain types of cancer.

HLA-DRB3 has also been shown to be involved in the regulation of skin cell growth and differentiation. This may be important for the development of skin diseases, such as psoriasis and dermatitis.

In addition to its potential as a drug target, HLA-DRB3 is also an important biomarker for certain types of cancer. For example, HLA-DRB3 has been shown to be expressed in the skin cancer squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), which is a common type of cancer that develops on the skin. This suggests that HLA-DRB3 may be a useful biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of SCC.

Overall, HLA-DRB3 is a protein that is involved in many important functions in the immune system and in the regulation of skin cell growth and differentiation. Its potential as a drug target and biomarker make it an attractive target for further research and development.

Protein Name: Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class II, DR Beta 3

Functions: A beta chain of antigen-presenting major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) molecule. In complex with the alpha chain HLA-DRA, displays antigenic peptides on professional antigen presenting cells (APCs) for recognition by alpha-beta T cell receptor (TCR) on HLA-DRB3-restricted CD4-positive T cells. This guides antigen-specific T-helper effector functions, both antibody-mediated immune response and macrophage activation, to ultimately eliminate the infectious agents and transformed cells. Typically presents extracellular peptide antigens of 10 to 30 amino acids that arise from proteolysis of endocytosed antigens in lysosomes (PubMed:2788702, PubMed:2463305, PubMed:16148104, PubMed:19531622, PubMed:20368442, PubMed:19830726, PubMed:23569328, PubMed:22929521, PubMed:30282837, PubMed:31020640, PubMed:31333679, PubMed:31308093). In the tumor microenvironment, presents antigenic peptides that are primarily generated in tumor-resident APCs likely via phagocytosis of apoptotic tumor cells or macropinocytosis of secreted tumor proteins (By similarity). Presents peptides derived from intracellular proteins that are trapped in autolysosomes after macroautophagy, a mechanism especially relevant for T cell selection in the thymus and central immune tolerance (By similarity). The selection of the immunodominant epitopes follows two processing modes: 'bind first, cut/trim later' for pathogen-derived antigenic peptides and 'cut first, bind later' for autoantigens/self-peptides. The anchor residue at position 1 of the peptide N-terminus, usually a large hydrophobic residue, is essential for high affinity interaction with MHCII molecules (By similarity)

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