SLC27A1: A Key Enzyme in Fatty Acid Biosynthesis (G376497)

Target Name: SLC27A1

NCBI ID: G376497

SLC27A1: A Key Enzyme in Fatty Acid Biosynthesis

SLC27A1 (Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) is a protein that is expressed in various tissues throughout the body, including the liver, muscle, and heart. It is a key enzyme in the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway, which is responsible for producing the long-chain fatty acids that are the building blocks of cell membranes and other biological structures. SLC27A1 is also known as 1,2-dihydroxy-acyl-CoA synthetase, and it is catalyzed by the active site of its enzyme domain , which consists of a catalytic cycle consisting of a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), a catalytic histidine residue, and a catalytic aspartate residue.

SLC27A1 is a member of the superfamily of GPCR-catalyzed enzymes, which are also known as lipoic acid enzymes. These enzymes share a common catalytic cycle that involves the transfer of a phosphate group from the catalytic GPCR to the catalytic aspartate residue, which triggers the catalytic cycle. The resulting products of the catalytic cycle include the CoA ligase, which catalyzes the conversion of long-chain fatty acids to shorter-chain fatty acids, and the CoA dehydrogenase, which converts the CoA to FADH2.

SLC27A1 is widely expressed in various tissues and cells throughout the body, including the liver, muscle, heart, and pancreas. It is a potent enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of long-chain fatty acids to shorter-chain fatty acids, which is critical for the synthesis of cell membranes and other biological structures. SLC27A1 is also expressed in the intestinal epithelial cells, where it is involved in the synthesis of fatty acids for the gut microbiota.

SLC27A1 has been identified as a potential drug target or biomarker for various diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Obesity is a major risk factor for various diseases, including diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and SLC27A1 has been shown to play a role in the regulation of body weight. Studies have shown that SLC27A1 is highly expressed in obese individuals compared to lean individuals, and that inhibition of SLC27A1 has the potential to reduce body weight.

In addition to its potential as a drug target, SLC27A1 has also been identified as a potential biomarker for various diseases. The synthesis of long-chain fatty acids is a critical step in the development and progression of many diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, measurement of SLC27A1 activity or gene expression levels may be useful as biomarkers for these diseases. For example, studies have shown that SLC27A1 is highly expressed in individuals with type 2 diabetes, and that inhibition of SLC27A1 has the potential to improve insulin sensitivity and reduce blood glucose levels.

SLC27A1 is also involved in the synthesis of fatty acids in the liver, muscle, and heart, and its activity has been implicated in the development and progression of various diseases. For example, SLC27A1 has been shown to play a role in the regulation of lipids metabolism, and that its activity may be affected by changes in diet or lifestyle. Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of lipid metabolic disorders, including metabolic syndrome, and SLC27A1 may be a useful biomarker or drug target in the treatment of these disorders.

In conclusion, SLC27A1 is a key enzyme involved in the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway and has been identified as a potential drug target or biomarker for various diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of SLC27A1 in these diseases and to develop effective treatments.

Protein Name: Solute Carrier Family 27 Member 1

Functions: Mediates the import of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) into the cell by facilitating their transport at the plasma membrane (PubMed:12556534, PubMed:20530735, PubMed:21395585, PubMed:28178239). Also functions as an acyl-CoA ligase catalyzing the ATP-dependent formation of fatty acyl-CoA using LCFA and very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) as substrates, which prevents fatty acid efflux from cells and might drive more fatty acid uptake. May act directly as a bona fide transporter, or alternatively, in a cytoplasmic or membrane-associated multimeric protein complex to trap and draw fatty acids towards accumulation. Plays a pivotal role in regulating available LCFA substrates from exogenous sources in tissues undergoing high levels of beta-oxidation or triglyceride synthesis. May be involved in regulation of cholesterol metabolism (By similarity). Probably involved in fatty acid transport across the blood barrier (PubMed:21395585)

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