MGAT5 for Cancer, Neurodegenerative Diseases and Autoimmune Disorders

Target Name: MGAT5

NCBI ID: G4249

MGAT5 for Cancer, Neurodegenerative Diseases and Autoimmune Disorders

MGAT5, or monoclonal antibody targeting G protein-coupled receptor 5, is a drug target (or biomarker) that has been shown to play a crucial role in various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and autoimmune disorders. Its unique structure and function make it an attractive target for drug development.

MGAT5 is a protein that is expressed in various tissues and cells in the body, including the brain, nervous system, and endothelial cells. It is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family, which is a large superfamily of transmembrane proteins that play a key role in cellular signaling. The GPCR family includes many different isoforms, each with different expression patterns and functions. MGAT5 is one of them, mainly expressed on neurons, especially in the brain.

MGAT5 is different from other isoforms in the GPCR family and has the following characteristics: First, its tyrosine residue is modified into cysteine, which contributes to its stability in vivo. Second, the tyrosine residues of MGAT5 are misplaced, making it different from other isoforms in the GPCR family. This mislocation can enhance MGAT5's affinity for GPCR receptors and increase its stability within the cell. In addition, the 伪-helical structure of MGAT5 gives it better foldability, which contributes to its stability and accessibility in vivo.

MGAT5 plays an important role in a variety of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and immune diseases. First, MGAT5 is closely related to the occurrence and development of many cancers, especially neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Studies have shown that the expression level of MGAT5 is positively correlated with the prognosis of various cancers, and the expression level of MGAT5 is negatively correlated with the survival rate of cancer patients.

Secondly, MGAT5 is closely related to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. These diseases cause cognitive decline, behavioral abnormalities, and neuronal loss. Studies have shown that the expression level of MGAT5 is positively correlated with the clinical manifestations and pathological characteristics of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, and the expression level of MGAT5 is negatively correlated with disease progression and death risk.

Finally, MGAT5 is closely related to immune diseases such as autoimmune diseases and inflammatory diseases. These diseases lead to immune dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Studies have shown that the expression level of MGAT5 is positively correlated with the clinical manifestations and pathological characteristics of various immune diseases, and the expression level of MGAT5 is negatively correlated with disease progression and death risk.

As an emerging drug target, MGAT5 has broad clinical application prospects. Through drug intervention targeting MGAT5, the treatment effects of various diseases can be significantly improved, and the survival rate and quality of life of patients can be improved.

Protein Name: Alpha-1,6-mannosylglycoprotein 6-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase

Functions: Catalyzes the addition of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) in beta 1-6 linkage to the alpha-linked mannose of biantennary N-linked oligosaccharides (PubMed:10395745, PubMed:30140003). Catalyzes an important step in the biosynthesis of branched, complex-type N-glycans, such as those found on EGFR, TGFR (TGF-beta receptor) and CDH2 (PubMed:10395745, PubMed:22614033, PubMed:30140003). Via its role in the biosynthesis of complex N-glycans, plays an important role in the activation of cellular signaling pathways, reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, cell-cell adhesion and cell migration. MGAT5-dependent EGFR N-glycosylation enhances the interaction between EGFR and LGALS3 and thereby prevents rapid EGFR endocytosis and prolongs EGFR signaling. Required for efficient interaction between TGFB1 and its receptor. Enhances activation of intracellular signaling pathways by several types of growth factors, including FGF2, PDGF, IGF, TGFB1 and EGF. MGAT5-dependent CDH2 N-glycosylation inhibits CDH2-mediated homotypic cell-cell adhesion and contributes to the regulation of downstream signaling pathways. Promotes cell migration. Contributes to the regulation of the inflammatory response. MGAT5-dependent TCR N-glycosylation enhances the interaction between TCR and LGALS3, limits agonist-induced TCR clustering, and thereby dampens TCR-mediated responses to antigens. Required for normal leukocyte evasation and accumulation at sites of inflammation (By similarity). Inhibits attachment of monocytes to the vascular endothelium and subsequent monocyte diapedesis (PubMed:22614033)

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