HLA-A: A Drug Target / Disease Biomarker (G3105)

Target Name: HLA-A

NCBI ID: G3105

HLA-A: A Drug Target / Disease Biomarker

HLA-A is a class I immune receptor that is expressed in many different tissues throughout the body. It is a key component of the immune system and plays a crucial role in the regulation of immune responses. HLA-A is also a potential drug target and biomarker, and research is ongoing to investigate its potential uses in treating various diseases.

HLA-A is a transmembrane protein that is composed of two main chains: the constant region and the variable region. The constant region is the portion of the protein that is always present in the cell, while the variable region is the portion that is unique to each individual. The variable region contains the majority of the protein's unique features and is responsible for its diversity.

HLA-A is expressed in many different tissues throughout the body, including the skin, hair, nails, and connective tissue. It is also expressed in the immune system, where it plays a crucial role in the regulation of immune responses. HLA-A is involved in the immune response by providing a surface for the activation and presentation of antigens to T cells.

HLA-A is also a potential drug target and biomarker because of its unique structure and the role it plays in the immune system. One of the main advantages of HLA-A as a drug target is its expression in many different tissues, which makes it easier to target. Additionally, HLA-A is known to be involved in many different immune responses, which makes it a potential target for drugs that can modulate the immune system.

Research is ongoing to investigate the potential uses of HLA-A as a drug. One of the main areas of focus is the development of antibodies that can target HLA-A and modulate the immune system. These antibodies have the potential to be used to treat a variety of diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and infections.

Another potential use of HLA-A is its role as a biomarker. HLA-A is expressed in many different tissues throughout the body, which makes it a potential indicator of disease. For example, high levels of HLA-A have been found in the blood of people with certain autoimmune disorders, and low levels have been found in people with cancer. This makes HLA-A an attractive biomarker for the diagnosis and monitoring of these diseases.

In conclusion, HLA-A is a class I immune receptor that is expressed in many different tissues throughout the body. It is involved in the regulation of immune responses and has the potential to be a drug target and biomarker. Research is ongoing to investigate the potential uses of HLA-A as a treatment for various diseases. Its unique structure and involvement in the immune system make it an attractive target for antibodies and other therapeutic agents.

Protein Name: Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class I, A

Functions: Antigen-presenting major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI) molecule. In complex with B2M/beta 2 microglobulin displays primarily viral and tumor-derived peptides on antigen-presenting cells for recognition by alpha-beta T cell receptor (TCR) on HLA-A-restricted CD8-positive T cells, guiding antigen-specific T cell immune response to eliminate infected or transformed cells (PubMed:2456340, PubMed:2784196, PubMed:1402688, PubMed:7504010, PubMed:9862734, PubMed:10449296, PubMed:12138174, PubMed:12393434, PubMed:15893615, PubMed:17189421, PubMed:19543285, PubMed:21498667, PubMed:24192765, PubMed:7694806, PubMed:24395804, PubMed:28250417). May also present self-peptides derived from the signal sequence of secreted or membrane proteins, although T cells specific for these peptides are usually inactivated to prevent autoreactivity (PubMed:25880248, PubMed:7506728, PubMed:7679507). Both the peptide and the MHC molecule are recognized by TCR, the peptide is responsible for the fine specificity of antigen recognition and MHC residues account for the MHC restriction of T cells (PubMed:12796775, PubMed:18275829, PubMed:19542454, PubMed:28250417). Typically presents intracellular peptide antigens of 8 to 13 amino acids that arise from cytosolic proteolysis via IFNG-induced immunoproteasome or via endopeptidase IDE/insulin-degrading enzyme (PubMed:17189421, PubMed:20364150, PubMed:17079320, PubMed:26929325, PubMed:27049119). Can bind different peptides containing allele-specific binding motifs, which are mainly defined by anchor residues at position 2 and 9 (PubMed:7504010, PubMed:9862734)

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