METTL1: A Potential Drug Target for Neurodegenerative Disorders

Target Name: METTL1

NCBI ID: G4234

METTL1: A Potential Drug Target for Neurodegenerative Disorders

METTL1 (S-adenosyl-L-methionine:tRNA (guanine-7-N-)-methyltransferase) is a gene that encodes a protein named METTL1 in humans. The protein METTL1 is a key player in the regulation of methylation in the body, and is a potential drug target or biomarker in various diseases.

METTL1 is a RNA-protein hybrid that plays a crucial role in the process of methylation. Methylation is a chemical modification that involves the addition of a methyl group to specific DNA sequences. This modification has important roles in regulating gene expression, DNA replication, and cellular growth. METTL1 is involved in the transfer of methyl groups from the S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the tRNAguanine-7-N-methyltransferase III (TGMT) complex, which is responsible for methylating the cytosine residues in DNA.

METTL1 is a key regulator of methylation in the brain, and is involved in the development and progression of various neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other neurodegenerative disorders. METTL1 has been shown to play a role in the regulation of neurotransmitter synthesis and release, and is a potential target for drugs that aim to treat these disorders.

In addition to its role in methylation, METTL1 is also a potent drug target for diseases that are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded proteins, such as neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques in the brain. METTL1 has been shown to play a role in the regulation of the formation of these structures, and is a potential target for drugs that aim to treat neurodegenerative diseases.

METTL1 is also a potential biomarker for various diseases, including cancer. The methylation of the promoter region of METTL1 has been shown to be reduced in various types of cancer, and is a potential target for drugs that aim to inhibit methylation in cancer cells.

In conclusion, METTL1 is a gene that encodes a protein that plays a crucial role in the regulation of methylation in the body. The protein METTL1 is a potential drug target or biomarker for various diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of METTL1 in these diseases and to develop effective treatments.

Protein Name: Methyltransferase 1, TRNA Methylguanosine

Functions: Catalytic component of METTL1-WDR4 methyltransferase complex that mediates the formation of N(7)-methylguanine in a subset of RNA species, such as tRNAs, mRNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs) (PubMed:12403464, PubMed:31031083, PubMed:31031084, PubMed:36599982, PubMed:36599985). Catalyzes the formation of N(7)-methylguanine at position 46 (m7G46) in a large subset of tRNAs that contain the 5'-RAGGU-3' motif within the variable loop (PubMed:12403464, PubMed:34352207, PubMed:34352206, PubMed:36599982, PubMed:36599985). M7G46 interacts with C13-G22 in the D-loop to stabilize tRNA tertiary structure and protect tRNAs from decay (PubMed:36599982, PubMed:36599985). Also acts as a methyltransferase for a subset of internal N(7)-methylguanine in mRNAs (PubMed:31031084). Internal N(7)-methylguanine methylation of mRNAs regulates translation (PubMed:31031084). Also methylates a specific subset of miRNAs, such as let-7 (PubMed:31031083). N(7)-methylguanine methylation of let-7 miRNA promotes let-7 miRNA processing by disrupting an inhibitory secondary structure within the primary miRNA transcript (pri-miRNA) (PubMed:31031083). Acts as a regulator of embryonic stem cell self-renewal and differentiation (By similarity)

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