PIK3CG: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for Neurodegenerative Diseases

Target Name: PIK3CG

NCBI ID: G5294

PIK3CG: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for Neurodegenerative Diseases

PIK3CG, also known as 1-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, is a protein that plays a crucial role in cellular signaling. It is a key enzyme in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, which is involved in a wide range of cellular processes, including cell survival, growth, and angiogenesis. PIK3CG has also been identified as a potential drug target and biomarker for several diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular disease.

The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is a complex regulatory network that involves the interaction of several protein components. PIK3CG is one of the key enzymes in this pathway, and it plays a critical role in the generation of the second messenger IP3. IP3 is a highly potent signaling molecule that can activate several downstream targets, including the Akt kinase, which is involved in cell survival and growth.

PI3KCG is a 126-kDa protein that is expressed in a variety of tissues and cells, including brain, heart, and cancer cells. It is highly localized to the endoplasmic reticulum and is predominantly expressed in the cytoplasm. PIK3CG is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), which means that it can interact with intracellular signaling molecules, such as IP3 and GDP.

The PIK3CG gene was identified in the late 1990s as a potential gene for a neurodegenerative disease. Studies have since shown that individuals with the PIK3CG gene are at increased risk for developing several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease. This is thought to be due to the fact that individuals with the PIK3CG gene have reduced levels of IP3 and are less able to generate the necessary signaling molecule, IP3.

In addition to its role in neurodegenerative diseases, PIK3CG has also been identified as a potential drug target for several other diseases. For example, PIK3CG has been shown to be involved in the development and progression of cancer, and it has been identified as a potential therapeutic target for cancer. Studies have shown that inhibiting PIK3CG activity can inhibit the growth and survival of cancer cells.

In addition to its potential as a drug target, PIK3CG has also been identified as a potential biomarker for several diseases. For example, PIK3CG has been shown to be elevated in the blood of individuals with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. This suggests that PIK3CG may be a useful biomarker for these diseases. Additionally, PIK3CG has been shown to be elevated in the brains of individuals with cancer, which may indicate that it could be a useful biomarker for cancer.

In conclusion, PIK3CG is a protein that plays a crucial role in cellular signaling and has been identified as a potential drug target and biomarker for several diseases. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of PIK3CG in cellular signaling and its potential as a therapeutic target and biomarker.

Protein Name: Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase Catalytic Subunit Gamma

Functions: Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) that phosphorylates PtdIns(4,5)P2 (Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). PIP3 plays a key role by recruiting PH domain-containing proteins to the membrane, including AKT1 and PDPK1, activating signaling cascades involved in cell growth, survival, proliferation, motility and morphology. Links G-protein coupled receptor activation to PIP3 production. Involved in immune, inflammatory and allergic responses. Modulates leukocyte chemotaxis to inflammatory sites and in response to chemoattractant agents. May control leukocyte polarization and migration by regulating the spatial accumulation of PIP3 and by regulating the organization of F-actin formation and integrin-based adhesion at the leading edge. Controls motility of dendritic cells. Together with PIK3CD is involved in natural killer (NK) cell development and migration towards the sites of inflammation. Participates in T-lymphocyte migration. Regulates T-lymphocyte proliferation, activation, and cytokine production. Together with PIK3CD participates in T-lymphocyte development. Required for B-lymphocyte development and signaling. Together with PIK3CD participates in neutrophil respiratory burst. Together with PIK3CD is involved in neutrophil chemotaxis and extravasation. Together with PIK3CB promotes platelet aggregation and thrombosis. Regulates alpha-IIb/beta-3 integrins (ITGA2B/ ITGB3) adhesive function in platelets downstream of P2Y12 through a lipid kinase activity-independent mechanism. May have also a lipid kinase activity-dependent function in platelet aggregation. Involved in endothelial progenitor cell migration. Negative regulator of cardiac contractility. Modulates cardiac contractility by anchoring protein kinase A (PKA) and PDE3B activation, reducing cAMP levels. Regulates cardiac contractility also by promoting beta-adrenergic receptor internalization by binding to GRK2 and by non-muscle tropomyosin phosphorylation. Also has serine/threonine protein kinase activity: both lipid and protein kinase activities are required for beta-adrenergic receptor endocytosis. May also have a scaffolding role in modulating cardiac contractility. Contributes to cardiac hypertrophy under pathological stress. Through simultaneous binding of PDE3B to RAPGEF3 and PIK3R6 is assembled in a signaling complex in which the PI3K gamma complex is activated by RAPGEF3 and which is involved in angiogenesis

More Common Targets