SLC22A3: Multi-functional Protein in Endoplasmic Reticulum and Cellular Signaling

Target Name: SLC22A3

NCBI ID: G6581

SLC22A3: Multi-functional Protein in Endoplasmic Reticulum and Cellular Signaling

SLC22A3 (endoplasmic reticulum-resident solute carrier protein 22kDa) is a protein that is expressed in most tissues and cells in the body. It is a member of the SLC family of transmembrane proteins, which transport various solutes and ions across the cell membrane. SLC22A3 is primarily localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where it is involved in the transport of a variety of macromolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids.

One of the unique features of SLC22A3 is its ability to transport a wide variety of macromolecules across the ER membrane. This is accomplished through its transmembrane domain, which consists of an N-terminal cytoplasmic domain, a transmembrane region, and a C-terminal cytoplasmic domain. The transmembrane region of SLC22A3 is made up of four beta-helices, which give the protein its 3D structure and allow it to interact with various ligands and substrates on the ER membrane.

SLC22A3 is also involved in the regulation of intracellular signaling pathways. This is accomplished through its ability to interact with various signaling molecules, including insulin, growth factors, and neurotransmitters. SLC22A3 has been shown to play a role in the regulation of protein synthesis and degradation , as well as the regulation of cell growth and differentiation.

In addition to its role in intracellular signaling pathways, SLC22A3 is also involved in the regulation of cellular transport. This is accomplished through its ability to interact with various transport proteins, including the protein transmembrane potential (P-type) carrier, which is involved in the transport of various ions and proteins across the ER membrane. SLC22A3 has been shown to regulate the activity of P-type carrier proteins, which allows it to play a role in the regulation of intracellular signaling pathways.

SLC22A3 is also involved in the regulation of cellular homeostasis. This is accomplished through its ability to interact with various ion channels and proteins that are involved in the regulation of ion homeostasis, including the Na+/K+-ATPase. SLC22A3 has been shown to regulate the activity of Na+/K+-ATPase, which allows it to play a role in the regulation of cellular homeostasis.

In conclusion, SLC22A3 is a protein that is involved in a variety of cellular processes that are critical for the survival and proper functioning of most organisms. Its ability to transport a wide variety of macromolecules across the ER membrane and its role in intracellular signaling pathways, cellular transport, and cellular homeostasis make it an attractive drug target and biomarker for various diseases. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of SLC22A3's role in these processes and to develop effective therapies based on its properties.

Protein Name: Solute Carrier Family 22 Member 3

Functions: Electrogenic voltage-dependent transporter that mediates the transport of a variety of organic cations such as endogenous bioactive amines, cationic drugs and xenobiotics (PubMed:10196521, PubMed:10966924, PubMed:12538837, PubMed:17460754, PubMed:20858707). Cation cellular uptake or release is driven by the electrochemical potential, i.e. membrane potential and concentration gradient (PubMed:10966924). Functions as a Na(+)- and Cl(-)-independent, bidirectional uniporter (PubMed:12538837). Implicated in monoamine neurotransmitters uptake such as dopamine, adrenaline/epinephrine, noradrenaline/norepinephrine, histamine, serotonin and tyramine, thereby supporting a role in homeostatic regulation of aminergic neurotransmission in the brain (PubMed:10196521, PubMed:16581093, PubMed:20858707). Transports dopaminergic neuromodulators cyclo(his-pro) and salsolinol with low efficiency (PubMed:17460754). May be involved in the uptake and disposition of cationic compounds by renal clearance from the blood flow (PubMed:10966924). May contribute to regulate the transport of cationic compounds in testis across the blood-testis-barrier (Probable). Mediates the transport of polyamine spermidine and putrescine (By similarity). Mediates the bidirectional transport of polyamine agmatine (PubMed:12538837). Also transports guanidine (PubMed:10966924). May also mediate intracellular transport of organic cations, thereby playing a role in amine metabolism and intracellular signaling (By similarity)

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