JAM3: A Protein of Interest for Drug Targets and Biomarkers (G83700)

Target Name: JAM3

NCBI ID: G83700

JAM3: A Protein of Interest for Drug Targets and Biomarkers

JAM3, also known as JAMC-T002, is a protein that is expressed in various tissues throughout the body, including the brain, pancreas, and gastrointestinal tract. It is a member of the JAM family of proteins, which are involved in various cellular processes, including cell signaling, cytoskeletal organization, and stress response.

JAM3 is unique due to its structure and localization. It is a 21-kDa protein that is expressed in the brain and pancreas, but not in other tissues. It is mainly localized to the peri-glial membrane of astrocytes, which are a type of glial cell that support and protect nerve cells.

The peri-glial membrane of astrocytes is a specialized cell membrane that surrounds the nerve cell and plays a crucial role in maintaining the cell's structural integrity and modulating its functions. JAM3 is thought to interact with the cytoplasmic region of astrocytes and may be involved in the regulation of astrocytic processes, such as cell signaling and stress response.

JAM3 is also of interest due to its potential as a drug target. Its unique localization to the peri-glial membrane of astrocytes makes it an attractive target for small molecules that can modulate its function and activity. Several small molecules have been shown to interact with JAM3 and to affect its localization and stability.

One of the most promising small molecules is a compound called N-Acetyl-L-Tyrosine (NAT), which is an amino acid derivative that has been shown to interact with JAM3 and modulate its localization to the peri-glial membrane of astrocytes. NAT has been shown to increase the localization of JAM3 to the peri-glial membrane of astrocytes and to inhibit its degradation.

Another small molecule that has been shown to interact with JAM3 is called 1-Mercaptoethanesulfonic acid (EMS), which is a compound that has been shown to modulate the localization and stability of JAM3 in astrocytes. EMS has been shown to interact with JAM3 and to affect its stability in the peri-glial membrane of astrocytes.

JAM3 is also of interest as a biomarker for certain diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. These diseases are characterized by the progressive loss of brain cells and the build-up of neurofibrillary tangles, which are thought to be caused by the misfolding and localization of misfolded proteins, including JAM3.

In conclusion, JAM3 is a unique and highly interesting protein that is expressed in various tissues throughout the body. Its localization to the peri-glial membrane of astrocytes and its potential as a drug target make it an attractive target for small molecules that can modulate its function and activity. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of JAM3 in cellular processes and its potential as a biomarker for disease.

Protein Name: Junctional Adhesion Molecule 3

Functions: Junctional adhesion protein that mediates heterotypic cell-cell interactions with its cognate receptor JAM2 to regulate different cellular processes (PubMed:11590146, PubMed:11823489). Plays a role in homing and mobilization of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells within the bone marrow. At the surface of bone marrow stromal cells, it contributes to the retention of the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells expressing JAM3 (PubMed:11590146, PubMed:24357068). Plays a central role in leukocytes extravasation by facilitating transmigration through the endothelium (By similarity). Plays a role in spermatogenesis where JAM2 and JAM3, which are respectively expressed by Sertoli and germ cells, mediate an interaction between both cell types and play an essential role in the anchorage of germ cells onto Sertoli cells and the assembly of cell polarity complexes during spermatid differentiation (By similarity). Also functions as a counter-receptor for ITGAM, mediating leukocyte-platelet interactions and is involved in the regulation of transepithelial migration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) (PubMed:12208882, PubMed:15194813). Plays a role in angiogenesis (PubMed:23255084). Plays a role in the regulation of cell migration (Probable). During myogenesis, it is involved in myocyte fusion (By similarity)

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