JADE2: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for the Treatment of Human Diseases

Target Name: JADE2

NCBI ID: G23338

JADE2: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for the Treatment of Human Diseases

Jade2 (JNK-activating enzyme 2) is a non-coding RNA molecule that plays a crucial role in the ubiquitin-protein ligase pathway, a critical process that removes damaged or unnecessary proteins from the cell. Jade2 is a key enzyme in this pathway, and its dysfunction has been implicated in numerous diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and autoimmune disorders. As a result, Jade2 has emerged as a promising drug target and biomarker for the treatment of human diseases.

The Jade2-Driven ubiquitin-protein ligase pathway

The ubiquitin-protein ligase pathway is a complex series of enzymes that remove damaged or unnecessary proteins from the cell. This process is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and preventing the accumulation of harmful proteins that could cause diseases. The Jade2 enzyme is the last step in this pathway, and it plays a crucial role in the formation of the ubiquitin chain and the attachment of the protein to the end of the ubiquitin tail.

Jade2 is a small molecule that contains 115 amino acid residues and has a calculated molecular mass of 17.9 kDa. It is a N-terminal protein that contains a catalytic active site, a nucleotide binding site, and a C-terminal hypervariable region (HVR). The HVR is involved in the regulation of Jade2's activity and is critical for its stability and function.

Jade2's role in the ubiquitin-protein ligase pathway

Jade2 is the last enzyme in the ubiquitin-protein ligase pathway, and its activity is critical for the formation of the ubiquitin chain and the attachment of the protein to the end of the ubiquitin tail. Jade2 functions by catalyzing the formation of a 13-amino acid link between the NH2 terminal of the protein and the COOH terminal of the ubiquitin chain. This link is formed by a unique mechanism that involves the transfer of a proton from the protein to the Jade2 enzyme, resulting in a structural change that enables the formation of the link.

Jade2's dysfunction in diseases

Jade2's dysfunction has been implicated in numerous diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and autoimmune disorders. For example, Jade2's dysfunction has been linked to the development of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, as well as the progression of certain cancers, such as lung and colon cancer.

In addition to its role in disease, Jade2's dysfunction has also been implicated in the regulation of normal cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and inflammation. For example, Jade2's activity is required for the regulation of the size and composition of cells, as well as the production of certain signaling molecules that regulate cell behavior.

Jade2 as a drug target and biomarker

The Jade2 enzyme has emerged as a promising drug target and biomarker for the treatment of human diseases. Because Jade2's dysfunction is involved in the regulation of many cellular processes, targeting Jade2 may be effective in treating a wide range of diseases.

One approach to targeting Jade2 is to inhibit its activity with small molecules that can modulate its stability or function. This can be done by binding to specific Jade2 residues or modulating the activity of other enzymes in the ubiquitin-protein ligase pathway.

Another approach to targeting Jade2 is to use antibodies that recognize and label Jade2 and can be used to track its activity in live cells. This can be done to study the effects of drugs on Jade2's activity and to identify new biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.

Conclusion

Jade2 is a non-coding RNA molecule that plays a crucial role in the ubiquitin-protein ligase pathway. Its dysfunction has been implicated in numerous diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and autoimmune disorders. As a result, Jade2 has emerged as a promising drug target and biomarker for the treatment of human diseases. Further research is needed to understand the full effects of Jade2's dysfunction and to develop effective treatments.

Protein Name: Jade Family PHD Finger 2

Functions: Scaffold subunit of some HBO1 complexes, which have a histone H4 acetyltransferase activity (PubMed:16387653). Acts as a E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase mediating the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target protein histone demethylase KDM1A (PubMed:25018020). Also acts as a ubiquitin ligase E3 toward itself. Positive regulator of neurogenesis (By similarity)

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