AS3MT: Enzyme Involved in Methylation of Gene Promoters and Potential Drug Target

Target Name: AS3MT

NCBI ID: G57412

AS3MT: Enzyme Involved in Methylation of Gene Promoters and Potential Drug Target

AS3MT (AS-3 Methyltransferase Cyt19) is an enzyme involved in the methylation of gene promoters. Methylation is a post-transcriptional modification that plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression. In various organisms, methylation occurs at the promoter region, which is responsible for the initiation of gene transcription. AS3MT is a key enzyme involved in the methylation of the cyt19 gene promoter, which is a well-known gene involved in cell adhesion, migration, and invasion.

Disease association

AS3MT is associated with various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and autoimmune diseases. For example, studies have shown that AS3MT is highly expressed in various types of cancer, including breast, ovarian, and colorectal cancer. Additionally, AS3MT has been implicated in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.

Drug targeting

AS3MT is a potential drug target for various diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. One approach to targeting AS3MT is to inhibit its activity using small molecules or antibodies. For example, a series of inhibitors have been shown to negatively affect AS3MT's activity, leading to the potential for these compounds to be used as drugs. Additionally, researchers have used RNA interference to knockdown AS3MT in various cell types to reduce its expression and improve the efficiency of methylation.

Biomarker potential

AS3MT is also a potential biomarker for various diseases. Its expression is highly sensitive to methylation, which suggests that it could be used as a biomarker for diseases associated with methylation dysregulation. For example, AS3MT has been shown to be highly expressed in various types of cancer, including breast, ovarian, and colorectal cancer. Additionally, AS3MT has been used as a biomarker for neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.

Functional characterization

To better understand the function of AS3MT, researchers have conducted various studies to characterize its activity and mechanisms. One of the most significant findings is that AS3MT is a critical enzyme involved in methylation of the cyt19 gene promoter. Methylation of this gene has been shown to play a role in regulating cell adhesion, migration, and invasion.

Additionally, researchers have found that AS3MT is involved in the regulation of cellular processes, including cell growth, apoptosis, and autophagy. It has been shown to play a role in the regulation of various cellular signaling pathways, including the TGF-β pathway.

Conclusion

In conclusion, AS3MT is a highly expressed enzyme involved in the methylation of gene promoters. Its expression is associated with various diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. AS3MT is also a potential drug target and biomarker, with studies showing that it is involved in the regulation of cellular processes and various signaling pathways. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of AS3MT in disease progression and the development of new treatments.

Protein Name: Arsenite Methyltransferase

Functions: Catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from AdoMet to trivalent arsenicals producing methylated and dimethylated arsenicals (PubMed:16407288, PubMed:25997655). It methylates arsenite to form methylarsonate, Me-AsO(3)H(2), which is reduced by methylarsonate reductase to methylarsonite, Me-As(OH)2 (PubMed:16407288, PubMed:25997655). Methylarsonite is also a substrate and it is converted into the much less toxic compound dimethylarsinate (cacodylate), Me(2)As(O)-OH (PubMed:16407288, PubMed:25997655)

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