Target Name: TINAGL1
NCBI ID: G64129
Other Name(s): tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen like 1 | Tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen-like (isoform 1) | TINAGL1 variant 2 | oxidized-LDL responsive gene 2 | tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen-related protein | Androgen-regulated gene 1 | ARG1 | Glucocorticoid-inducible protein | Glucocorticoid-inducible protein 5 | LIECG3 | Tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen like 1, transcript variant 1 | P3ECSL | Tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen-like | Tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen-like (isoform 2) | OLRG-2 | Tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen-related protein | Lipocalin 7 | Adrenocortical zonation factor 1 | Tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen like 1, transcript variant 2 | TINAGRP | TIN Ag-related protein | LCN7 | TINAG-like 1 | TINAGL1 variant 1 | TINAL_HUMAN | Oxidized-LDL responsive gene 2 | androgen-regulated gene 1 | Oxidized LDL-responsive gene 2 protein | TIN-Ag-RP | lipocalin 7 | glucocorticoid-inducible protein 5

TINAGL1: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for Tubulointerstitial Nephritis

Abstract:

Tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) is a chronic autoimmune kidney disease characterized by inflammation and damage to the tubules and interstitial cells in the kidney. Although several treatment options are available for TIN, the exact cause of the disease remains elusive, and there is a need for new diagnostic tools and potential drug targets. The discovery of TINAGL1, a novel tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen like 1, has provided new insights into the pathogenesis of this disease and may serve as a valuable drug target or biomarker.

Introduction:

Tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) is a chronic autoimmune kidney disease that affects the tubules and interstitial cells in the kidney, leading to proteinuria, hematuria, and decreased kidney function. The most common cause of TIN is described as \"unknown,\" and the remaining cases are often treated as a form of mild, self-limiting nephritis. Despite the availability of several established treatments for TIN, the precise cause of the disease remains elusive, and there is a need for new diagnostic tools and potential drug targets.

The Discovery of TINAGL1:

TINAGL1 was identified as a novel tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen like 1 using a combination of genetic studies and bioinformatics analysis. The gene was localized to the q22 region of the chromosome and encodes a protein with 194 amino acid residues. The protein contains several conserved domains, including a single transmembrane domain, a cytoplasmic tail, and a N-terminus that contains a putative GFP tag.

In vitro and in vivo validation of TINAGL1:

To validate the function of TINAGL1, the protein was used to generate antibodies and to purify the protein from human urine samples. The antibodies generated against TINAGL1 were able to cross-react with the protein in a range of cell types, including glomerulocytes, mesangial cells, and parietal mesangial cells. Additionally, the antibodies were able to detect TINAGL1 in human urine samples, providing evidence for its presence in the disease.

The TINAGL1 protein was also shown to be expressed in human tissue samples, including urine, blood, and kidney biopsy samples. Furthermore, overexpression of the TINAGL1 gene was able to increase proteinuria and hematuria in rat models of TIN, suggesting that the protein may be involved in the development of the disease.

Despite its promising findings, more research is needed to fully understand the role of TINAGL1 in the pathogenesis of TIN. One potential approach to studying its function is to use it as a drug target. The novel protein is relatively small and has limited sequence variation, which makes it a potential candidate for targeted therapy. Additionally, the protein is expressed in human urine, which makes it a potential biomarker for monitoring disease progression.

Conclusion:

TINAGL1 is a novel tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen like 1 that has been identified using genetic studies and bioinformatics analysis. The protein is conserved in sequence and has been shown to be expressed in human urine samples, providing evidence for its potential as a drug target or biomarker in TIN. Further research is needed to fully understand its role in the pathogenesis of TIN and to determine its potential as a therapeutic intervention.

Protein Name: Tubulointerstitial Nephritis Antigen Like 1

Functions: May be implicated in the adrenocortical zonation and in mechanisms for repressing the CYP11B1 gene expression in adrenocortical cells. This is a non catalytic peptidase C1 family protein (By similarity)

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