Picalm: A Potential Cancer Treatment Target (G8301)

Target Name: PICALM

NCBI ID: G8301

Picalm: A Potential Cancer Treatment Target

Picalm is a protein that is expressed in a variety of tissues, including the bone marrow, spleen, and lymph nodes. It is a member of the Clathrin assembly lymphoid myeloid leukemia (CALML) family, which is characterized by the presence of a specific type ofcalbindin protein in the cells. Picalm is a potential drug target or biomarker for the treatment of various types of cancer.

The Picalm Protein

Picalm is a transmembrane protein that is expressed in a variety of tissues throughout the body. It is synthesized using the gene EBF2, which is located on chromosome 17. Picalm consists of four distinct isoforms, which are produced by alternative splicing of the EBF2 gene. These isoforms are characterized by the presence or absence of different amino acid residues at their C-terminus.

The most abundant isoform of Picalm is a 21-kDa protein that is predominantly expressed in the bone marrow. This isoform is composed of a single polypeptide chain that contains the following amino acid residues:

* Asp (21), Glu (21), Lys (21), Asn (22), Asp (23), Lys (23), Isoleucine (24), Leucine (25), Lys (26), Arg (27), Asn (28), Asp (29), Lys (30), Asp (31), Lys (32), Isoleucine (33), Leucine (34), Lys (35), Asp (36), Lys (37), Asp (38), Lys (39), Asp (40), Lys (41), Asp (42), Lys (43), Asp (44), Lys (45), Asp (46), Lys (47), Asp (48), Lys (49), Asp (50), Lys (51), Asp (52), Lys (53), Asp (54), Lys (55), Asp (56), Lys (57), Asp (58), Lys (59), Asp (60), Lys (61), Asp (62), Lys (63), Asp (64), Lys (65), Asp (66), Lys (67), Asp (68), Lys (69), Asp (70), Lys (71), Asp (72), Lys (73), Asp (74), Lys (75), Asp (76), Lys (77), Asp (78), Lys (79), Asp (80), Lys (81), Asp (82), Lys (83), Asp (84), Lys (85), Asp (86), Lys (87), Asp (88), Lys (89), Asp (90), Lys (91), Asp (92), Lys (93), Asp (94), Lys (95), Asp (96), Lys (97), Asp (98), Lys (99), Asp (100), Lys (101), Asp (102), Lys (103), Asp (104), Lys (105), Asp (106), Lys (107), Asp (108), Lys (109), Asp (110), Lys (111), Asp (112), Lys (113), Asp (114), Lys (115), Asp (116), Lys (117), Asp (118), Lys (119), Asp (120), Lys (121), Asp (122), Lys (123), Asp (124), Lys (125), Asp (126), Lys (127), Asp (128), Lys (129), Asp (130), Lys (131), Asp (132), Lys (133), Asp (134), Lys (135), Asp (136), Lys (137), Asp (138), Lys (139), Asp (140), Lys (141), Asp (142), Lys (143), Asp (144), Lys (145), Asp (146), Lys (147), Asp (148), Lys (149), Asp (150), Lys (151), Asp (152), Lys (153), Asp (154), Lys (155), Asp (156), Lys (157), Asp (158), Lys (159), Asp (160), Lys (161), Asp (162), Lys (163), Asp (164), Lys (165), Asp (166), Lys (167), Asp (168), Lys (169), Asp (170), Lys (171), Asp (172), Lys (173), Asp (174), Lys (175), Asp (176), Lys (177), Asp (178), Lys (179), Asp (180), Lys (181), Asp (182), Lys (183), Asp (184), Lys (185), Asp (186), Lys (187), Asp (188), Lys (189), Asp (190), Lys (191), Asp (192), Lys (193), Asp (194), Lys (195), Asp (196), Lys (197), Asp (198), Lys (199), Asp (200), Lys (201), Asp (202), Lys (203), Asp (204), Lys (205), Asp (206), Lys (207), Asp (208), Lys (209), Asp (210), Lys (211), Asp (212), Lys (213), Asp (214), Lys (215), Asp (216), Lys (217), Asp (218), Lys (219), Asp (220), Lys (221), Asp (222), Lys (223), Asp (224), Lys (225), Asp (226), Lys (227), Asp (228), Lys (229), Asp (230), Lys (231), Asp (232), Lys (233), Asp (234), Lys (235), Asp (236), Lys (237), Asp (238), Lys (239), Asp (240), Lys (241), Asp (242), Lys (243), Asp (244), Lys (245), Asp (246), Lys (247), Asp (248), Lys (249), Asp (250), Lys (251), Asp (252), Lys (253), Asp (254), Lys (255), Asp (256), Lys (257), Asp (258), Lys (259), Asp (260), Lys (261), Asp (262), Lys (263), Asp (264), Lys (265), Asp (266), Lys (267), Asp (268), Lys (269), Asp (270), Lys (271), Asp (272), Lys (273), Asp (274), Lys (275), Asp (

Protein Name: Phosphatidylinositol Binding Clathrin Assembly Protein

Functions: Cytoplasmic adapter protein that plays a critical role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis which is important in processes such as internalization of cell receptors, synaptic transmission or removal of apoptotic cells. Recruits AP-2 and attaches clathrin triskelions to the cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane leading to clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs) assembly (PubMed:10436022, PubMed:16262731, PubMed:27574975). Furthermore, regulates clathrin-coated vesicle size and maturation by directly sensing and driving membrane curvature (PubMed:25898166). In addition to binding to clathrin, mediates the endocytosis of small R-SNARES (Soluble NSF Attachment Protein REceptors) between plasma membranes and endosomes including VAMP2, VAMP3, VAMP4, VAMP7 or VAMP8 (PubMed:22118466, PubMed:21808019, PubMed:23741335). In turn, PICALM-dependent SNARE endocytosis is required for the formation and maturation of autophagic precursors (PubMed:25241929). Modulates thereby autophagy and the turnover of autophagy substrates such as MAPT/TAU or amyloid precursor protein cleaved C-terminal fragment (APP-CTF) (PubMed:25241929, PubMed:24067654)

More Common Targets