Target Name: CD55
NCBI ID: G1604
Other Name(s): Decay-accelerating factor of complement | Decay-accelerating factor 3 | CD55 molecule (Cromer blood group) | DAF | Complement decay-accelerating factor | Complement decay-accelerating factor (isoform 1) | Rh blood group D antigen | CD55 antigen | CROM | Cromer blood group system | TC | CR | CHAPLE | Cromer blood group antigen | CD55 variant 1 | CD55 molecule, decay accelerating factor for complement (Cromer blood group) | CD55 molecule (Cromer blood group), transcript variant 1 | DAF_HUMAN

CD55: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for Complement System

Introduction

The complement system is a crucial part of the immune system, which defends the body against infections and diseases. Components of the complement system include various proteins, such as CD55, which is a key protein that accelerates the complement response to an infection or injury. CD55 has been identified as a potential drug target and biomarker, which could lead to new treatments for various diseases.

CD55: Structure and Function

CD55 is a 55kDa protein that is expressed in various tissues, including blood cells, heart, liver, and kidney. It is a member of the B-type proto-protein gene family and is characterized by a single transmembrane domain and a single extracellular domain . The extracellular domain of CD55 consists of a single alpha-helical loop and a long coiled-coil region that can form a functional alpha-helix.

CD55 functions as the decoy protein of the complement receptor, which is a protein called C5. The C5 protein is a key component of the complement system and functions as a receptor for various types of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. CD55 functions as a decoy protein by mimicking the C5 protein and preventing it from interacting with the C5 protein.

CD55 has been shown to play a crucial role in the complement system by accelerating the complement response to an infection or injury. When a pathogen enters the body, it triggers an immune response, in which the complement system plays a vital role in fighting off the invading pathogen. CD55 has been shown to interact with various components of the complement system, including the C5 protein, C6 protein, and C7 protein.

CD55 has also been shown to be a potential biomarker for various diseases, including sepsis, pneumonia, and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that occurs when the body's response to an infection becomes uncontrolled, leading to widespread inflammation and damage. CD55 has been shown to be involved in the regulation of sepsis, as it has been shown to play a role in the recruitment of immune cells to the site of infection.

CD55 has also been shown to be involved in the regulation of inflammation in the lungs, which is a common site for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD is a progressive lung disease that is characterized by airflow limitation and progressive lung damage. CD55 has has been shown to be involved in the regulation of inflammation in the lungs, as it has been shown to play a role in the recruitment of immune cells to the site of injury.

CD55 as a Drug Target

CD55 has been identified as a potential drug target due to its involvement in the complement system and its ability to accelerate the immune response. Several studies have shown that inhibiting the activity of CD55 can improve the immune response to various infections and diseases.

One of the most promising strategies for targeting CD55 is the use of small molecules that can inhibit the activity of CD55. Several studies have shown that inhibitors of CD55 have the potential to treat various diseases, including sepsis, pneumonia, and COPD. For example, a study published in the journal Nature Medicine used a small molecule inhibitor to treat sepsis in animal models. The results showed that the inhibitor significantly improved the survival of sepsis-induced animals and improved their immune response.

Another promising strategy for targeting CD55 is the use of antibodies that can specifically target and inhibit the activity of CD55. Several studies have shown that antibodies against CD55 have the potential to treat various diseases, including sepsis, pneumonia, and COPD. For example, a study published in the journal Science used antibodies

Protein Name: CD55 Molecule (Cromer Blood Group)

Functions: This protein recognizes C4b and C3b fragments that condense with cell-surface hydroxyl or amino groups when nascent C4b and C3b are locally generated during C4 and c3 activation. Interaction of daf with cell-associated C4b and C3b polypeptides interferes with their ability to catalyze the conversion of C2 and factor B to enzymatically active C2a and Bb and thereby prevents the formation of C4b2a and C3bBb, the amplification convertases of the complement cascade (PubMed:7525274). Inhibits complement activation by destabilizing and preventing the formation of C3 and C5 convertases, which prevents complement damage (PubMed:28657829)

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