DNASE1L3: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker (G1776)

Target Name: DNASE1L3

NCBI ID: G1776

DNASE1L3: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker

Dna repair is a crucial aspect of DNA replication, which ensures the stability and integrity of genetic information. DNA repair mechanisms are involved in maintaining genomic stability, and mutations in these mechanisms can lead to genetic disorders. DNA non-coding RNA (ncRNA) plays a significant role in regulating DNA repair processes. DNASE1L3 is a non-coding RNA gene that has been identified as a potential drug target and biomarker for several diseases.

DNASE1L3 Functions as a DNA Repair Enzyme

DNase1L3 is a member of the DNA repair enzyme family 1 (DNA repair enzyme L1), which includes DNA repair enzymes that utilize various mechanisms to repair damaged DNA. DNA repair enzymes are essential for maintaining genomic stability and are involved in the early detection of DNA damage.

DNase1L3 is a 24-kDa protein that contains 106 amino acid residues. It belongs to the HSP70 family and is expressed in various tissues and cells, including muscle, heart, brain, and peripheral blood cells. DNase1L3 plays a crucial role in DNA repair by catalyzing the repair of a specific DNA damage, called a double-strand break.

DNase1L3-Catalyzed DNA Repair

DNase1L3 is involved in the repair of double-strand breaks, which are the most common type of DNA damage. Double-strand breaks occur when two complementary DNA strands come together and form a double helix. When a double-strand break occurs, the cell needs to repair the damage to maintain genetic stability.

DNase1L3 is a potent DNA repair enzyme that can efficiently repair double-strand breaks in damaged DNA. Studies have shown that DNase1L3 can efficiently repair double-strand breaks in DNA samples that contain up to 100 base pairs of damage. Additionally, DNase1L3 can also repair breaks in DNA samples that are up to 500 base pairs long.

DNase1L3-Induced DNA Repair

In addition to its role in DNA repair, DNase1L3 has also been shown to induce DNA repair in damaged DNA. Experiments have shown that treatment with DNase1L3 can increase the rate of DNA repair in damaged DNA samples. This increase in DNA repair is due to the ability of DNase1L3 to activate the DNA repair machinery and guide repair processes to the site of damage.

DNase1L3 as a Biomarker

DNase1L3 has also been identified as a potential biomarker for several diseases. For example, DNase1L3 has been shown to be downregulated in various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and autoimmune diseases. Additionally, DNase1L3 has also been shown to be upregulated in diseases that are associated with protein misfolding, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.

DNase1L3-Induced Protein Maturation

DNase1L3 has been shown to induce the expression of several proteins that are involved in DNA repair and metabolism. For example, DNase1L3 has been shown to induce the expression of the DNA damage-specific transcription factor, p53. Additionally, DNase1L3 has also been shown to induce the expression of the DNA repair enzyme, DNA polymerase II.

Conclusion

DNase1L3 is a non-coding RNA gene that has been identified as a potential drug target and biomarker for several diseases. Its functions as a DNA repair enzyme and biomarker make it an attractive target for drug development. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of DNase1L3 in disease progression and to develop effective treatments.

Protein Name: Deoxyribonuclease 1 Like 3

Functions: Has DNA hydrolytic activity. Is capable of both single- and double-stranded DNA cleavage, producing DNA fragments with 3'-OH ends (By similarity). Can cleave chromatin to nucleosomal units and cleaves nucleosomal and liposome-coated DNA (PubMed:9070308, PubMed:9714828, PubMed:14646506, PubMed:10807908, PubMed:27293190). Acts in internucleosomal DNA fragmentation (INDF) during apoptosis and necrosis (PubMed:23229555, PubMed:24312463). The role in apoptosis includes myogenic and neuronal differentiation, and BCR-mediated clonal deletion of self-reactive B cells (By similarity). Is active on chromatin in apoptotic cell-derived membrane-coated microparticles and thus suppresses anti-DNA autoimmunity (PubMed:27293190). Together with DNASE1, plays a key role in degrading neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) (By similarity). NETs are mainly composed of DNA fibers and are released by neutrophils to bind pathogens during inflammation (By similarity). Degradation of intravascular NETs by DNASE1 and DNASE1L3 is required to prevent formation of clots that obstruct blood vessels and cause organ damage following inflammation (By similarity)

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