2-Hydroxy-dATP Diphosphatase: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker

Target Name: NUDT1

NCBI ID: G4521

2-Hydroxy-dATP Diphosphatase: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker

2-Hydroxy-dATP (2-HDA) diphosphatase (DAP) is a key enzyme in the DNA damage repair pathway, which is essential for maintaining cellular health and integrity. DAP plays a crucial role in repairing DNA double-strand breaks, which are often caused by mutations, accidents, or diseases such as cancer. High levels of DNA damage and mutations have been linked to various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, targeting DAP as a drug or biomarker could provide new insights into these conditions and potentially lead to new treatments.

DAP is a protein that catalyzes the conversion of 2-hydroxy-dATP to 2-hydroxy-dGTP, a crucial step in the DNA damage repair pathway. The protein has a molecular weight of approximately 18 kDa and consists of two subunits, alpha and beta. Alpha subunit is the catalytic unit, while beta subunit acts as a structural protein. DAP has been shown to be involved in various cellular processes, including DNA replication, transcription, and repair, and has been implicated in various diseases.

DAP has been linked to various diseases and conditions, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. For example, high levels of DAP have been shown to be associated with increased risk of cancer, including breast, ovarian, and prostate cancers. Additionally, DAP has been linked to neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, as well as cardiovascular diseases, such as heart failure and myocardial infarction.

Targeting DAP as a drug or biomarker could provide new insights into these conditions and potentially lead to new treatments. For example, targeting DAP with drugs that inhibit its activity could potentially lead to therapies for cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, measuring the levels of DAP could be used as a biomarker for disease diagnosis and monitoring.

DAP has also been shown to play a role in various cellular processes, including cell signaling, cell adhesion, and cell survival. Therefore, targeting DAP with drugs that modulate its activity could also have implications for other cellular processes and potentially lead to new treatments for diseases.

Conclusion

In conclusion, 2-hydroxy-dATP diphosphatase (DAP) is a protein that plays a crucial role in the DNA damage repair pathway and has been linked to various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. Targeting DAP as a drug or biomarker could provide new insights into these conditions and potentially lead to new treatments. Additionally, measuring the levels of DAP could be used as a biomarker for disease diagnosis and monitoring. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of DAP in cellular processes and its potential as a drug or biomarker.

Protein Name: Nudix Hydrolase 1

Functions: Oxidized purine nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase which is a prominent sanitizer of the oxidized nucleotide pool (PubMed:8226881, PubMed:7713500, PubMed:10608900, PubMed:12857738, PubMed:22556419, PubMed:26238318, PubMed:24695224, PubMed:24695225, PubMed:28679043). Catalyzes the hydrolysis of 2-oxo-dATP (2-hydroxy-dATP) into 2-oxo-dAMP (PubMed:10373420). Has also a significant hydrolase activity toward 2-oxo-ATP, 8-oxo-dGTP and 8-oxo-dATP (PubMed:10373420, PubMed:11139615). Through the hydrolysis of oxidized purine nucleoside triphosphates, prevents their incorporation into DNA and the subsequent transversions A:T to C:G and G:C to T:A (PubMed:8226881, PubMed:10373420, PubMed:10608900, PubMed:11756418, PubMed:12857738, PubMed:16607562, PubMed:24695224, PubMed:24695225, PubMed:26999531, PubMed:28035004). Also catalyzes the hydrolysis of methylated purine nucleoside triphosphate preventing their integration into DNA (PubMed:30304478, PubMed:32144205). Through this antimutagenic activity protects cells from oxidative stress (PubMed:8226881, PubMed:7713500, PubMed:10608900, PubMed:12857738, PubMed:24695224, PubMed:24695225, PubMed:30304478, PubMed:32144205)

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