S100B: A Protein Involved in Various Physiological Processes and as A Potential Drug Target

Target Name: S100B

NCBI ID: G6285

S100B: A Protein Involved in Various Physiological Processes and as A Potential Drug Target

S100B (S100-B), also known as S100 protein, is a protein that is expressed in various tissues of the body, including the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. It is a member of the S100 family of proteins, which are known for their role in the regulation of cell signaling pathways. S100B is a glycoprotein, which means it consists of a protein that is capped with a sugar molecule.

S100B is involved in a wide range of physiological processes in the body, including cell signaling, neurotransmitter release, and inflammation. It is a key regulator of the pain signaling pathway, and has been shown to play a role in the development of neuropathic pain.

S100B is also a potential drug target in the treatment of various neurological and psychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and depression. Studies have shown that blocking S100B with small interfering RNA (siRNA) can reduce the severity of neuropathic pain in animal models of these disorders.

In addition to its potential as a drug target, S100B is also a biomarker for various neurological disorders. For example, it is often used as a biomarker for neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, because it is expressed in the brains of individuals with these disorders. It is also a potential biomarker for other neurological disorders, such as multiple sclerosis and depression.

S100B is also involved in the regulation of cellular signaling pathways that are important for brain development and function. It is a regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway, which is important for the development and maintenance of the nervous system. It is also involved in the regulation of theNotch signaling pathway, which is important for the formation and maintenance of neural networks in the brain.

S100B is a complex protein that is involved in a wide range of physiological processes in the body. It is a potential drug target for the treatment of various neurological and psychiatric disorders, and is also a useful biomarker for the evaluation of these disorders. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of S100B in the regulation of cellular signaling pathways and its potential as a drug and biomarker.

Protein Name: S100 Calcium Binding Protein B

Functions: Small zinc- and- and calcium-binding protein that is highly expressed in astrocytes and constitutes one of the most abundant soluble proteins in brain (PubMed:6487634, PubMed:20950652). Weakly binds calcium but binds zinc very tightly-distinct binding sites with different affinities exist for both ions on each monomer (PubMed:6487634, PubMed:20950652). Physiological concentrations of potassium ion antagonize the binding of both divalent cations, especially affecting high-affinity calcium-binding sites (By similarity). Acts as a neurotrophic factor that promotes astrocytosis and axonal proliferation (By similarity). Involved in innervation of thermogenic adipose tissue by acting as an adipocyte-derived neurotrophic factor that promotes sympathetic innervation of adipose tissue (By similarity). Binds to and initiates the activation of STK38 by releasing autoinhibitory intramolecular interactions within the kinase (By similarity). Interaction with AGER after myocardial infarction may play a role in myocyte apoptosis by activating ERK1/2 and p53/TP53 signaling (By similarity). Could assist ATAD3A cytoplasmic processing, preventing aggregation and favoring mitochondrial localization (PubMed:20351179). May mediate calcium-dependent regulation on many physiological processes by interacting with other proteins, such as TPR-containing proteins, and modulating their activity (PubMed:22399290)

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