Target Name: IL15
NCBI ID: G3600
Other Name(s): IL15_HUMAN | Interleukin-15 | Interleukin 15, transcript variant 3 | IL-15 | Interleukin 15 | interleukin 15 | IL15 variant 3 | Interleukin-15 (isoform 1)

IL15 Plays A Crucial Role in Immune Tolerance and Cellular Processes

IL15 (Interleukin-15) is a cytokine that plays a crucial role in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses. It is a member of the IL1 family of cytokines, which include IL1, IL18, and IL19. IL15 is involved in the development and maintenance of immune tolerance, as well as in the regulation of cellular processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis.

IL15 is a 19-kDa protein that is expressed in a variety of tissues throughout the body, including the spleen, lungs, heart, kidneys, and intestine. It is primarily produced by macrophages, which are a type of white blood cell that play a critical role in the immune system. IL15 is involved in the recruitment and activation of macrophages, as well as in the regulation of their functions.

One of the key functions of IL15 is its role in the regulation of immune tolerance. IL15 helps to ensure that the immune system does not overreact and cause inflammation where it is not needed. This is accomplished through the regulation of the activity of T cells, which are a type of immune cell that play a critical role in the immune response. T cells are able to recognize and respond to specific antigens, and IL15 helps to ensure that they are able to do so without causing unnecessary damage to the body's tissues.

IL15 is also involved in the regulation of cellular processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. These processes are important for the development and maintenance of tissues and organs, and IL15 plays a role in ensuring that they are able to do so in a controlled and normal manner. For example, IL15 has been shown to promote the survival and proliferation of stem cells, which are important for the development and maintenance of tissues such as blood vessels, bones, and organs.

In addition to its role in the regulation of immune tolerance and cellular processes, IL15 is also a potential drug target. Several studies have suggested that IL15 may have a variety of potential therapeutic applications, including the treatment of autoimmune diseases, cancer, and other conditions. For example, some studies have shown that IL15 may be a useful target for the treatment of multiple sclerosis, a condition in which the immune system attacks the body's own tissues and causes a range of symptoms.

Another potential application of IL15 is its use as a biomarker for the diagnosis and monitoring of certain conditions. For example, some studies have shown that IL15 levels may be elevated in the blood of individuals with certain types of cancer, which could be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis of these conditions. Additionally, IL15 has been shown to be involved in the regulation of cellular processes that are important for the development and maintenance of tissues, which could make it an attractive target for the development of new therapies for a variety of conditions.

Overall, IL15 is a complex cytokine that plays a crucial role in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses. Its role in the regulation of immune tolerance and cellular processes makes it a potential drug target, and its potential therapeutic applications continue to be explored. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of IL15 in these processes and to develop new treatments for a variety of conditions.

Protein Name: Interleukin 15

Functions: Cytokine that plays a major role in the development of inflammatory and protective immune responses to microbial invaders and parasites by modulating immune cells of both the innate and adaptive immune systems (PubMed:15123770). Stimulates the proliferation of natural killer cells, T-cells and B-cells and promotes the secretion of several cytokines (PubMed:8178155, PubMed:9326248). In monocytes, induces the production of IL8 and monocyte chemotactic protein 1/CCL2, two chemokines that attract neutrophils and monocytes respectively to sites of infection (PubMed:9326248). Unlike most cytokines, which are secreted in soluble form, IL15 is expressed in association with its high affinity IL15RA on the surface of IL15-producing cells and delivers signals to target cells that express IL2RB and IL2RG receptor subunits (PubMed:8026467, PubMed:23104097, PubMed:10233906). Binding to its receptor triggers the phosphorylation of JAK1 and JAK3 and the recruitment and subsequent phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3/STAT3 and STAT5 (PubMed:7568001). In mast cells, induces the rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT6 and thereby controls mast cell survival and release of cytokines such as IL4 (By similarity)

More Common Targets

IL15RA | IL16 | IL17A | IL17B | IL17C | IL17D | IL17F | IL17RA | IL17RB | IL17RC | IL17RD | IL17RE | IL17REL | IL18 | IL18BP | IL18R1 | IL18RAP | IL19 | IL1A | IL1B | IL1F10 | IL1R1 | IL1R2 | IL1RAP | IL1RAPL1 | IL1RAPL2 | IL1RL1 | IL1RL2 | IL1RN | IL2 | IL20 | IL20RA | IL20RB | IL21 | IL21-AS1 | IL21R | IL21R-AS1 | IL22 | IL22RA1 | IL22RA2 | IL23A | IL23R | IL24 | IL25 | IL26 | IL27 | IL27RA | IL2RA | IL2RB | IL2RG | IL3 | IL31 | IL31RA | IL32 | IL33 | IL34 | IL36A | IL36B | IL36G | IL36RN | IL37 | IL3RA | IL4 | IL4I1 | IL4R | IL5 | IL5RA | IL6 | IL6-AS1 | IL6R | IL6R-AS1 | IL6ST | IL6ST-DT | IL6STP1 | IL7 | IL7R | IL9 | IL9R | IL9RP3 | IL9RP4 | ILDR1 | ILDR2 | ILF2 | ILF3 | ILF3-DT | ILK | ILKAP | ILRUN | ILVBL | Imidazoline I2 receptor (I2) | Imidazoline I3 receptor (I3) | Imidazoline receptor | IMMP1L | IMMP2L | IMMT | IMMTP1 | Immunoglobulin A | Immunoglobulin E (IgE) | Immunoglobulin G | Immunoglobulin M