Overview of EIF3B: Potential Drug Target and Biomarker (G8662)

Target Name: EIF3B

NCBI ID: G8662

Overview of EIF3B: Potential Drug Target and Biomarker

EIF3B (EIF3-P110), a protein that belongs to the evolutionary family of transmembrane sphingomyelins (TMS), has been identified as a potential drug target and biomarker for various diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, pain, and inflammation. This article will provide an overview of EIF3B, its functions, potential drug targets, and its potential as a biomarker.

EIF3B is a 21-kDa protein that is expressed in various tissues, including brain, heart, pancreas, and peripheral tissues. It is a member of the TMS family, which includes other proteins such as SMIP1 (Sphingomyelin-associated protein 1) and SMIP2 (Sphingomyelin-associated protein 2). These proteins are characterized by the presence of a transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic tail.

One of the defining features of EIF3B is its ability to modulate the activity of various ion channels, including Na+, K+, and Ca2+ channels. This property has led to the speculation that EIF3B may be a drug target for diseases characterized by the disruption of these channels, such as neurodegenerative disorders, pain, and inflammation.

In neurodegenerative disorders, EIF3B has been shown to play a role in the regulation of synaptic plasticity and neurotransmission. For example, studies have shown that EIF3B is involved in the regulation of the release of neurotransmitters, such as dopamine and GABA, and that it modulates the activity of ion channels in neurotransmitter-producing neurons. This suggests that EIF3B may be a useful target for neurodegenerative disorders.

In pain, EIF3B has been shown to play a role in the regulation of pain perception and the modulation of pain-related neural activity. For example, studies have shown that EIF3B is involved in the regulation of the release of pain-related neurotransmitters, such as neuropeptides, and that it modulates the activity of ion channels in pain-related neurons. This suggests that EIF3B may be a useful target for the treatment of pain.

In inflammation, EIF3B has been shown to play a role in the regulation of inflammation and immune responses. For example, studies have shown that EIF3B is involved in the regulation of the movement of immune cells into the site of inflammation and that it modulates the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This suggests that EIF3B may be a useful target for the treatment of inflammatory disorders.

In addition to its potential as a drug target and biomarker, EIF3B has also been shown to be a potential therapeutic agent for a variety of other conditions. For example, studies have shown that EIF3B can be used to treat experimental models of Alzheimer's disease, including the production of neurodegeneration and the inhibition of neurotransmitter synthesis. Similarly, EIF3B has also been shown to be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of neuropathic pain, including the regulation of pain sensitivity and the modulation of pain-related neural activity.

In conclusion, EIF3B is a protein that has been identified as a potential drug target and biomarker for a variety of diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, pain, and inflammation. Its functions as a modulator of ion channels and neurotransmitter release suggest that it may be a useful target for the treatment of a variety of conditions. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of EIF3B in these diseases and to develop safe and effective drugs that target it.

Protein Name: Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 3 Subunit B

Functions: RNA-binding component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis (PubMed:9388245, PubMed:17581632, PubMed:25849773, PubMed:27462815). The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF-2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termination ribosomal complexes and subsequently prevents premature joining of the 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits prior to initiation (PubMed:9388245, PubMed:17581632). The eIF-3 complex specifically targets and initiates translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation, including cell cycling, differentiation and apoptosis, and uses different modes of RNA stem-loop binding to exert either translational activation or repression (PubMed:25849773)

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