SPAST: A Protein Implicated in Neurological Disorders (G6683)

Target Name: SPAST

NCBI ID: G6683

SPAST: A Protein Implicated in Neurological Disorders

SPAST (SPAST-HUMAN) is a protein that is expressed in the brain and is known for its role in the development and progression of various neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. The protein is composed of 150 amino acids and has a molecular weight of 19.9 kDa. It is found in the brain cortical regions where the majority of the protein is expressed, and it is also found in theCSF (cerebrospinal fluid). SPAST is a glycoprotein which means it consists of a protein and a carbohydrate.

SPAST is a transmembrane protein which means it spans the cell membrane and is associated with the different endings of the cell. It is involved in the formation and maintenance of the blood-brain barrier, which is a specialized barrier that separates the brain from the surrounding blood vessels and is responsible for maintaining the health and integrity of the brain.

SPAST is also involved in the regulation of the blood flow to the brain, which is crucial for the delivery of oxygen and nutrients necessary for the brain to function properly. It is also involved in the production of the neurotransmitter dopamine, which is important for mood regulation and movement.

SPAST is a protein that is known to interact with several other proteins, including the neurotransmitter GABA, which is a inhibitory neurotransmitter that is important for the regulation of anxiety and stress. It is also known to interact with the protein Tau, which is a protein that is involved in the development of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease.

SPAST is also associated with the formation of neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques, which are hallmark hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. These tangles and plaques are composed of abnormal aggregated proteins and lipids, which are thought to play a role in the destruction of nerve cells in the brain, leading to the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease.

SPAST is also associated with the development of other neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease, and it is thought to be a potential drug target for these disorders.

The lack of SPAST has been linked to the development of various neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. Studies have shown that individuals with SPAST gene mutations are more likely to develop Alzheimer's disease than those without the mutation. Additionally, individuals with certain genetic variations in SPAST gene have been shown to have an increased risk of developing Parkinson's disease.

SPAST is also a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Studies have shown that SPAST levels are decreased in the brains of individuals with Alzheimer's disease compared to age-matched control individuals. Additionally, individuals with Alzheimer's disease have lower levels of SPAST in their CSF compared to age-matched control individuals.

In conclusion, SPAST is a protein that is expressed in the brain and is involved in the development and progression of various neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. Its role in the formation and maintenance of the blood-brain barrier, the regulation of blood flow to the brain, and the production of neurotransmitters such as dopamine, GABA and Tau, and its association with the formation of neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques are some of the ways SPAST is involved in the development of these disorders. SPAST is also a potential drug target and a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of these disorders. Further research is needed to understand the full role of SPAST in the development and progression of these disorders.

Protein Name: Spastin

Functions: ATP-dependent microtubule severing protein that specifically recognizes and cuts microtubules that are polyglutamylated (PubMed:11809724, PubMed:15716377, PubMed:16219033, PubMed:17389232, PubMed:20530212, PubMed:22637577, PubMed:26875866). Preferentially recognizes and acts on microtubules decorated with short polyglutamate tails: severing activity increases as the number of glutamates per tubulin rises from one to eight, but decreases beyond this glutamylation threshold (PubMed:26875866). Severing activity is not dependent on tubulin acetylation or detyrosination (PubMed:26875866). Microtubule severing promotes reorganization of cellular microtubule arrays and the release of microtubules from the centrosome following nucleation. It is critical for the biogenesis and maintenance of complex microtubule arrays in axons, spindles and cilia. SPAST is involved in abscission step of cytokinesis and nuclear envelope reassembly during anaphase in cooperation with the ESCRT-III complex (PubMed:19000169, PubMed:21310966, PubMed:26040712). Recruited at the midbody, probably by IST1, and participates in membrane fission during abscission together with the ESCRT-III complex (PubMed:21310966). Recruited to the nuclear membrane by IST1 and mediates microtubule severing, promoting nuclear envelope sealing and mitotic spindle disassembly during late anaphase (PubMed:26040712). Required for membrane traffic from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi and endosome recycling (PubMed:23897888). Recruited by IST1 to endosomes and regulates early endosomal tubulation and recycling by mediating microtubule severing (PubMed:23897888). Probably plays a role in axon growth and the formation of axonal branches (PubMed:15716377)

More Common Targets