PPP1R11: A Promising Drug Target and Biomarker for Proteasome-Mediated Signaling

Target Name: PPP1R11

NCBI ID: G6992

PPP1R11: A Promising Drug Target and Biomarker for Proteasome-Mediated Signaling

Proteasome-mediated signaling is a crucial pathway in cell signaling that regulates various cellular processes, including cell growth, apoptosis, and inflammation. The protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 11 (PPP1R11) is a key regulator of this pathway that has been identified as a potential drug target and biomarker. In this article, we will discuss the structure, function, and potential therapeutic applications of PPP1R11.

Structure and Function

PPP1R11 is a 23-kDa protein that belongs to the superfamily of protein phosphatases. It is expressed in various tissues and cell types and plays a critical role in regulating the activity of the protein phosphatase 1 (PP1). PPP1R11 functions as a negative regulator of PP1 by inhibiting its activity through a process called negative feedback. This inhibition leads to the accumulation of phosphatidyl-PP1, which can then act as a conformational change-inducing agent to promote the dissociation of the protein from its regulatory complex, thereby leading to the dephosphorylation of PP1.

PPP1R11 is composed of a 214-amino acid protein that contains a catalytic active site, a regulatory loop, and a C-terminal hypervariable region (HVR). The catalytic active site is the site of the phosphoryl group, which is the target of the inhibitory effect of PPP1R11. The regulatory loop is a conserved region that includes a G12a domain, a G13a domain, and a G14a domain. The G12a and G14a domains are involved in the formation of a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling cascade that regulates various cellular processes.

PPP1R11 has been shown to play a critical role in various cellular processes, including cell growth, apoptosis, and inflammation. For example, PPP1R11 has been shown to regulate the activity of the transcription factor, p53, which is involved in the regulation of apoptosis. Additionally, PPP1R11 has been shown to regulate the activity of the protein kinase, ALCAT1, which is involved in the regulation of cell growth and apoptosis.

As a potential drug target, PPP1R11 can be targeted by small molecules or antibodies that can inhibit its catalytic activity. This would lead to the dephosphorylation of PP1, which would result in the inhibition of the negative regulation of PP1 by PPP1R11. This would result in the accumulation of phosphatidyl-PP1 and the subsequent activation of PP1, leading to the regulation of various cellular processes.

In addition to its role as a negative regulator of PP1, PPP1R11 has also been shown to be a biomarker for various diseases, including cancer. For example, PPP1R11 has been shown to be overexpressed in various cancer tissues and to be involved in the regulation of cancer cell growth and apoptosis. Additionally, studies have shown that PPP1R11 is involved in the regulation of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.

Potential Therapeutic Applications

The potential therapeutic applications of PPP1R11 are vast and varied. One of the most promising applications is the development of PPP1R11 inhibitors as a treatment for various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and autoimmune diseases. These inhibitors would work by inhibiting the catalytic activity of PPP1R11, leading to the dephosphorylation of PP1 and the inhibition of

Protein Name: Protein Phosphatase 1 Regulatory Inhibitor Subunit 11

Functions: Atypical E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which ubiquitinates TLR2 at 'Lys-754' leading to its degradation by the proteasome. Plays a role in regulating inflammatory cytokine release and gram-positive bacterial clearance by functioning, in part, through the ubiquitination and degradation of TLR2 (PubMed:27805901). Inhibitor of protein phosphatase 1 (PubMed:9843442)

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